Fumagillin

File:Fumagillin.png

Fumagillin

Fumagillin is an antibiotic and antineoplastic compound derived from the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus. It was first isolated in 1949 by A. W. Johnson and colleagues, who were studying the fungus as a potential source of new antibiotics. Fumagillin has since been found to have a broad range of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, and anti-tumor effects.

History

Fumagillin was first isolated from Aspergillus fumigatus in 1949. The discovery was part of a larger effort to identify new antibiotics from fungi. The compound was named after the fungus from which it was derived.

Biological activity

Fumagillin has a broad range of biological activities. It is a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis, the process by which new blood vessels form. This anti-angiogenic activity is thought to contribute to fumagillin's anti-tumor effects. Fumagillin also has anti-inflammatory properties and has been shown to inhibit the growth of certain parasites.

Medical uses

Fumagillin has been used in the treatment of microsporidiosis, a parasitic infection that can cause diarrhea and wasting in people with weakened immune systems. It has also been investigated for potential use in cancer therapy, due to its anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor properties.

Pharmacology

Fumagillin exerts its effects by binding to and inhibiting the enzyme methionine aminopeptidase 2 (MetAP2). MetAP2 is involved in the regulation of angiogenesis and inflammation, among other processes.

Safety

Like all drugs, fumagillin has potential side effects. These can include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. More serious side effects, such as liver damage, have also been reported.

See also

• Aspergillus fumigatus
• Antibiotics
• Antineoplastic
• Microsporidiosis