Genetic equilibrium
Genetic Disease
A genetic disease is a type of disease that is caused by an abnormality in an individual's genome. This abnormality can range from minuscule to major - from a discrete mutation in a single base in the DNA of a single gene to a gross chromosome abnormality involving the addition or subtraction of an entire chromosome or set of chromosomes.
Causes[edit | edit source]
Most genetic diseases are the direct result of a mutation in one gene. However, one of the most difficult problems ahead is to further elucidate how genes contribute to diseases that have a complex pattern of inheritance, such as in the cases of diabetes, asthma, cancer and mental illness. These diseases are multifactorial inheritance disorders, meaning they are caused by a combination of small variations in genes, often in concert with environmental factors.
Types of Genetic Diseases[edit | edit source]
Genetic diseases can be grouped into three main categories:
- Monogenic diseases: These are caused by a mutation in a single gene. Examples include cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, and Marfan syndrome.
- Chromosomal diseases: These are caused by abnormalities in chromosomes, or by mutations in genes on the chromosomes. Examples include Down syndrome, Turner syndrome, and Klinefelter syndrome.
- Complex diseases: These are caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Examples include heart disease, diabetes, and cancer.
Diagnosis and Treatment[edit | edit source]
The diagnosis of genetic diseases can be complex, often involving a combination of genetic testing, medical imaging, and physical examination. Treatment can vary widely depending on the specific disease, and may include gene therapy, medication, surgery, or physical therapy.
See Also[edit | edit source]
References[edit | edit source]
Translate: - East Asian
中文,
日本,
한국어,
South Asian
हिन्दी,
தமிழ்,
తెలుగు,
Urdu,
ಕನ್ನಡ,
Southeast Asian
Indonesian,
Vietnamese,
Thai,
မြန်မာဘာသာ,
বাংলা
European
español,
Deutsch,
français,
Greek,
português do Brasil,
polski,
română,
русский,
Nederlands,
norsk,
svenska,
suomi,
Italian
Middle Eastern & African
عربى,
Turkish,
Persian,
Hebrew,
Afrikaans,
isiZulu,
Kiswahili,
Other
Bulgarian,
Hungarian,
Czech,
Swedish,
മലയാളം,
मराठी,
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ,
ગુજરાતી,
Portuguese,
Ukrainian
Navigation: Wellness - Encyclopedia - Health topics - Disease Index - Drugs - World Directory - Gray's Anatomy - Keto diet - Recipes
Search WikiMD
Ad.Tired of being Overweight? Try W8MD's physician weight loss program.
Semaglutide (Ozempic / Wegovy and Tirzepatide (Mounjaro) available.
Advertise on WikiMD
WikiMD is not a substitute for professional medical advice. See full disclaimer.
Credits:Most images are courtesy of Wikimedia commons, and templates Wikipedia, licensed under CC BY SA or similar.Contributors: Admin, Prab R. Tumpati, MD