Geographic

Geographic tongue is a benign condition characterized by patches on the surface of the tongue that give it a map-like appearance. The patches can vary in size, shape, and location, and may move around the tongue over time. This condition is also known as benign migratory glossitis.

Causes

The exact cause of geographic tongue is unknown. However, it has been associated with several factors, including genetic predisposition, stress, hormonal changes, and certain food sensitivities. Some studies have also suggested a link between geographic tongue and psoriasis, a chronic skin condition.

Symptoms

The main symptom of geographic tongue is the presence of red, irregularly shaped patches on the tongue. These patches are usually surrounded by a white or light-colored border. The condition is typically painless, but some people may experience a burning sensation or discomfort, especially when eating spicy or acidic foods.

Diagnosis

Geographic tongue is usually diagnosed based on a visual examination of the tongue. In some cases, a biopsy may be performed to rule out other conditions.

Treatment

There is no cure for geographic tongue, but the condition is harmless and usually does not require treatment. If symptoms are bothersome, treatments may include topical medications to relieve discomfort, avoidance of irritating substances, and good oral hygiene practices.

See also

• Oral health
• Tongue diseases
• Psoriasis

Geographic Resources
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