Hemoglobin C disease
Other Names: Hb C disease;Clinical hemoglobin C Hemoglobin C disease is a blood disorder passed down through families. It leads to a type of anemia, which occurs when red blood cells break down earlier than normal.
Causes[edit | edit source]
Hemoglobin C is an abnormal type of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. It is a type of hemoglobinopathy. The disease is caused by a problem with a gene called beta globin.
The disease most often occurs in African Americans. You are more likely to have hemoglobin C disease if someone in your family has had it.
Symptoms[edit | edit source]
Symptoms of this condition can include fatigue, weakness, and anemia. The spleen can also become enlarged as a result of this disease. For many people with this condition, symptoms are relatively mild and the lifespan is normal. Some people with this condition do not exhibit any symptoms at all.
Diagnosis[edit | edit source]
A physical exam may show an enlarged spleen.
Tests that may be done include:
- Complete blood count
- Hemoglobin electrophoresis
- Peripheral blood smear
- Blood hemoglobin
Treatment[edit | edit source]
In most cases, no treatment is needed. Folic acid supplements may help your body produce normal red blood cells and improve the symptoms of the anemia.
Prognosis[edit | edit source]
People with hemoglobin C disease can expect to lead a normal life.
Prevention[edit | edit source]
You may want to seek genetic counseling if you are at high risk for the condition and are considering having a baby.
NIH genetic and rare disease info[edit source]
Hemoglobin C disease is a rare disease.
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