Hereditary nephritis

Hereditary Nephritis
Synonyms	N/A
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Hematuria, Proteinuria, Hypertension
Complications	Chronic kidney disease, End-stage renal disease
Onset	Childhood or adolescence
Duration	Lifelong
Types	N/A
Causes	Genetic mutation
Risks	Family history
Diagnosis	Genetic testing, Kidney biopsy
Differential diagnosis	N/A
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Supportive care, Dialysis, Kidney transplant
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	N/A
Frequency	Rare
Deaths	N/A

Hereditary Nephritis is a group of genetic disorders that affect the kidneys. It is characterized by hematuria (blood in the urine), proteinuria (protein in the urine), and often leads to chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease.

Causes

Hereditary Nephritis is caused by genetic mutations that affect the glomerular basement membrane of the kidneys. The most common form is Alport syndrome, which is caused by mutations in the COL4A3, COL4A4, or COL4A5 genes.

Symptoms

The symptoms of Hereditary Nephritis can vary but often include:

• Hematuria
• Proteinuria
• Hypertension
• Hearing loss (in some forms like Alport syndrome)
• Eye abnormalities

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Hereditary Nephritis typically involves:

• Genetic testing to identify mutations
• Kidney biopsy to examine the glomerular basement membrane
• Urinalysis to detect hematuria and proteinuria

Treatment

There is no cure for Hereditary Nephritis, but treatment focuses on managing symptoms and slowing progression. Options include:

• Supportive care
• Blood pressure control
• Dialysis for kidney failure
• Kidney transplant

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with Hereditary Nephritis varies depending on the specific genetic mutation and the severity of the disease. Early diagnosis and management can improve outcomes.

See also

• Alport syndrome
• Chronic kidney disease
• Genetic disorders

External links

• Alport Syndrome Foundation
• National Organization for Rare Disorders