Mesangial proliferative lupus nephritis

Mesangial Proliferative Lupus Nephritis
Synonyms	N/A
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Hematuria, Proteinuria, Hypertension
Complications	Chronic kidney disease, End-stage renal disease
Onset
Duration
Types
Causes	Systemic lupus erythematosus
Risks
Diagnosis	Renal biopsy, Urinalysis, Serum creatinine
Differential diagnosis	N/A
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Immunosuppressive therapy, Corticosteroids
Medication	N/A
Prognosis
Frequency
Deaths	N/A

Mesangial Proliferative Lupus Nephritis is a form of lupus nephritis, which is a kidney disorder associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). It is characterized by the proliferation of mesangial cells and an increase in mesangial matrix within the glomeruli of the kidneys.

Pathophysiology

Mesangial proliferative lupus nephritis is classified as Class II lupus nephritis according to the World Health Organization (WHO) classification. In this condition, immune complex deposition occurs primarily in the mesangium, leading to mesangial cell proliferation and matrix expansion. The immune complexes are composed of antibodies and antigens, often involving anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies. This immune complex deposition triggers an inflammatory response, resulting in the clinical manifestations of the disease.

Clinical Presentation

Patients with mesangial proliferative lupus nephritis may present with mild hematuria (blood in urine) and proteinuria (protein in urine). Hypertension may also be present. Unlike more severe forms of lupus nephritis, such as Class III or IV, mesangial proliferative lupus nephritis typically does not cause significant renal impairment or nephrotic syndrome.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of mesangial proliferative lupus nephritis is confirmed through a renal biopsy. The biopsy will show mesangial hypercellularity and increased mesangial matrix without significant involvement of the capillary loops. Immunofluorescence microscopy will reveal mesangial deposits of IgG, IgA, IgM, C3, and C1q.

Treatment

Treatment of mesangial proliferative lupus nephritis focuses on controlling the underlying systemic lupus erythematosus and preventing progression to more severe forms of kidney disease. Corticosteroids are often used to reduce inflammation. In some cases, additional immunosuppressive therapy such as azathioprine or mycophenolate mofetil may be employed.

Prognosis

The prognosis for patients with mesangial proliferative lupus nephritis is generally favorable compared to other classes of lupus nephritis. With appropriate treatment, the risk of progression to more severe kidney damage is low. However, regular monitoring of kidney function and urine analysis is essential to detect any changes early.

See Also

• Lupus nephritis
• Systemic lupus erythematosus
• Nephrology

External Links

• [Link to relevant nephrology resources]

Template:Systemic lupus erythematosus