PBMC

PBID: Perceived Burdensomeness and Interpersonal Dependency

Perceived Burdensomeness and Interpersonal Dependency (PBID) is a psychological construct that explores the feelings of being a burden to others and the reliance on interpersonal relationships for emotional support. This concept is significant in understanding various mental health conditions, including depression and suicidal ideation.

Overview

PBID is a multifaceted construct that combines two primary components:

• Perceived Burdensomeness: This refers to the belief that one is a burden to others, often characterized by feelings of self-hatred and the perception that one's existence is a liability to loved ones. This perception can lead to feelings of worthlessness and hopelessness.

• Interpersonal Dependency: This involves a reliance on others for emotional support and validation. Individuals with high interpersonal dependency may struggle with autonomy and often seek reassurance and approval from others.

Theoretical Background

The concept of PBID is rooted in the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide, which posits that perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness are key predictors of suicidal desire. According to this theory, when individuals perceive themselves as burdensome and experience a lack of meaningful connections, they are at a higher risk for suicidal thoughts and behaviors.

Clinical Implications

Understanding PBID is crucial for clinicians working with individuals at risk for depression and suicide. Therapeutic interventions often focus on:

• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT): Addressing maladaptive thoughts related to burdensomeness and dependency.
• Interpersonal Therapy (IPT): Enhancing interpersonal skills and reducing dependency on others for emotional validation.
• Family Therapy: Involving family members to address dynamics that may contribute to feelings of burdensomeness.

Research Findings

Studies have shown that perceived burdensomeness is a significant predictor of suicidal ideation across various populations, including adolescents, adults, and the elderly. Interpersonal dependency, while not as directly linked to suicide, can exacerbate feelings of burdensomeness when individuals feel they are not meeting the expectations of their support network.

Assessment Tools

Several psychometric tools have been developed to assess PBID, including:

• Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ): Measures perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness.
• Dependency Scale: Assesses levels of interpersonal dependency and reliance on others.

Also see

• Interpersonal Theory of Suicide
• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
• Interpersonal Therapy
• Suicidal Ideation