Small vessel disease

Small vessel disease (SVD), also known as microangiopathy, is a condition that affects the small blood vessels in the heart. It is characterized by the narrowing of the small arteries, which restricts blood flow to the heart muscle. This condition is often associated with diabetes and high blood pressure, and is more common in older adults and women.

Causes

The exact cause of small vessel disease is not known, but it is believed to be related to atherosclerosis, a condition where plaque builds up in the arteries. Other factors that may contribute to the development of small vessel disease include smoking, high cholesterol, and a family history of heart disease.

Symptoms

Symptoms of small vessel disease can vary, but often include chest pain (angina), shortness of breath, and fatigue. These symptoms may be more noticeable during physical activity or stress.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of small vessel disease can be challenging, as the condition often does not show up on standard heart tests. Doctors may use a variety of tests to diagnose small vessel disease, including stress tests, angiograms, and MRI scans.

Treatment

Treatment for small vessel disease typically involves managing the underlying conditions that contribute to the disease, such as diabetes and high blood pressure. This may include lifestyle changes, such as quitting smoking, eating a healthy diet, and getting regular exercise. Medications may also be used to control symptoms and slow the progression of the disease.

Prognosis

The prognosis for small vessel disease varies depending on the severity of the disease and the individual's overall health. With proper management, many people with small vessel disease can lead normal, healthy lives.

See also

• Coronary artery disease
• Peripheral artery disease
• Stroke

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