Xyy syndrome

XYY syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that affects males. It is characterized by the presence of an extra Y chromosome. Males normally have one X and one Y chromosome. However, individuals with XYY syndrome have one X and two Y chromosomes, making their total number of chromosomes 47 instead of the usual 46.

Causes

XYY syndrome is not inherited; it occurs as a random event during the formation of sperm cells in the father. An error in cell division called nondisjunction can result in sperm cells with an extra copy of the Y chromosome. If one of these atypical sperm cells contributes to the genetic makeup of a child, the child will have an extra Y chromosome in each of the body's cells.

Symptoms

Most males with XYY syndrome have normal sexual development and are able to father children. However, some males with this syndrome have larger than average stature and may have learning disabilities or delayed speech and language development. They may also have behavioral and emotional difficulties, such as impulsivity, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Diagnosis

XYY syndrome is often diagnosed by a karyotype, a laboratory procedure that analyzes the number and structure of chromosomes in a sample of cells. This test can reveal an extra Y chromosome, confirming a diagnosis of XYY syndrome.

Treatment

There is no cure for XYY syndrome, but treatments can help manage symptoms. For example, speech therapy can help with language development, and behavioral therapies can help manage ADHD or ASD. Regular check-ups with a healthcare provider can help monitor growth and development.

See also

• Klinefelter syndrome
• Turner syndrome
• Triple X syndrome

Xyy syndrome Resources
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