Acute anterior uveitis

Acute anterior uveitis (AAU) is a common form of uveitis, characterized by inflammation of the anterior uveal tract, which includes the iris and the ciliary body. It is often associated with systemic diseases such as ankylosing spondylitis, psoriasis, and inflammatory bowel disease.

Etiology

The exact cause of AAU is unknown, but it is thought to be an autoimmune disease, where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own tissues. It can also be triggered by infections, trauma, or exposure to certain drugs.

Symptoms

Symptoms of AAU include redness, pain, light sensitivity, blurred vision, and a small pupil. These symptoms usually develop rapidly and can be severe.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of AAU is based on clinical examination, which may include slit lamp examination, fundoscopy, and ocular ultrasonography. Laboratory tests may be performed to identify underlying systemic diseases.

Treatment

Treatment of AAU aims to reduce inflammation, relieve pain, prevent complications, and restore vision. This may involve the use of corticosteroids, cycloplegics, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In severe cases, immunosuppressive therapy may be required.

Prognosis

The prognosis of AAU is generally good with prompt and appropriate treatment. However, it can lead to complications such as glaucoma, cataract, and macular edema if left untreated.

See also

• Uveitis
• Iritis
• Ciliary body
• Ankylosing spondylitis
• Psoriasis
• Inflammatory bowel disease