Bread sandwich

Hypertension
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Synonyms	N/A
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Headache, dizziness, shortness of breath
Complications	Heart disease, stroke, kidney failure
Onset	Gradual
Duration	Long term
Types	N/A
Causes	Genetics, diet, lifestyle
Risks	Obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption
Diagnosis	Blood pressure measurement
Differential diagnosis	N/A
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Lifestyle changes, medication
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	N/A
Frequency	Common
Deaths	N/A

Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure, is a chronic medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated. It is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, including heart attack and stroke.

Signs and Symptoms

Hypertension is often called the "silent killer" because it typically has no symptoms until it has caused significant damage to the heart and arteries. Some people with high blood pressure may experience headaches, dizziness, or shortness of breath.

Causes

The exact cause of hypertension is often unknown, but several factors can contribute to its development, including:

• Genetics
• Unhealthy diet, particularly high salt intake
• Lack of physical activity
• Obesity
• Excessive alcohol consumption
• Smoking

Diagnosis

Hypertension is diagnosed by measuring blood pressure using a sphygmomanometer. A reading of 140/90 mmHg or higher is generally considered high.

Treatment

Treatment for hypertension typically involves lifestyle changes and medication. Lifestyle changes may include:

• Eating a healthy diet
• Reducing salt intake
• Engaging in regular physical activity
• Maintaining a healthy weight
• Limiting alcohol consumption
• Quitting smoking

Medications used to treat hypertension include diuretics, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, and calcium channel blockers.

Complications

If left untreated, hypertension can lead to serious health problems, including:

• Heart disease
• Stroke
• Kidney failure
• Vision loss

Prevention

Preventing hypertension involves adopting a healthy lifestyle, such as eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, and avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol use.

See Also

• Cardiovascular disease
• Blood pressure
• Heart attack

External Links

• World Health Organization: Hypertension
• CDC: High Blood PressureBread sandwich is a simple, versatile food item consisting of two or more slices of bread with one or more fillings between them. Sandwiches are a popular type of lunch food, taken to work, school, or picnics to be eaten as part of a packed lunch. The bread can be used as is, or it can be coated with butter, mayonnaise, or other condiments to enhance flavor and moisture.

History

The sandwich is named after John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich, an 18th-century English aristocrat. It is said that he ordered his valet to bring him meat tucked between two pieces of bread, and others began to order "the same as Sandwich!" The original sandwich was a piece of salt beef between two slices of toasted bread.

Ingredients and Variations

A bread sandwich can include a variety of ingredients such as cheese, chicken, ham, turkey, salad, tomato, bacon, or egg. Vegetarian options might include fillings like avocado, hummus, and various salad vegetables.

Types of Bread

The choice of bread used in sandwiches is vast, including:

• White bread
• Whole wheat bread
• Rye bread
• Sourdough
• Baguette
• Ciabatta
• Focaccia

Popular Sandwiches

• BLT sandwich, which includes bacon, lettuce, and tomato.
• Club sandwich, a double-decker sandwich usually made with turkey, bacon, lettuce, tomato, and mayonnaise.
• Grilled cheese sandwich, which consists of grilled bread with melted cheese inside.
• Reuben sandwich, made with corned beef, Swiss cheese, sauerkraut, and Russian dressing, grilled between slices of rye bread.

Cultural Significance

Sandwiches are a staple in many cultures around the world due to their convenience and versatility. They can range from simple and inexpensive to elaborate and gourmet. In many countries, sandwiches are sold in cafes, diners, and fast food restaurants, making them an integral part of global cuisine.

Health Considerations

The nutritional value of a bread sandwich can vary greatly depending on the ingredients used. Sandwiches made with whole grain breads and filled with vegetables, lean proteins, and healthy fats can be a balanced meal option. However, sandwiches with high-fat meats, cheeses, and condiments like mayonnaise can be high in calories and saturated fats.

See Also

• List of sandwiches
• Sandwich bread
• Panini (sandwich)
• Wrap (food)