Conventional insulinotherapy

Conventional insulinotherapy is a therapeutic regimen for managing insulin in individuals with diabetes mellitus, primarily Type 1 diabetes. This treatment approach involves the administration of insulin in a manner that mimics the natural secretion of insulin by the pancreas. Conventional insulinotherapy typically includes the use of short-acting (regular) insulin and intermediate-acting (NPH or lente) insulin. The goal of this therapy is to maintain blood glucose levels within a target range, thereby reducing the risk of diabetes-related complications.

Overview

Conventional insulinotherapy is based on a structured schedule of insulin injections, usually administered two or three times daily. The regimen often consists of a mix of short-acting insulin before meals to manage postprandial blood glucose spikes and intermediate-acting insulin to cover insulin needs for the remainder of the day and night. This approach requires patients to adhere to a consistent schedule of meals and physical activity to align with the action profiles of the insulins used.

Indications

Conventional insulinotherapy is indicated for individuals with Type 1 diabetes, as their bodies are unable to produce insulin. It may also be used in some cases of Type 2 diabetes where oral medications are insufficient to control blood glucose levels, or during periods of stress or illness when blood glucose levels are temporarily higher.

Administration

The administration of insulin in conventional insulinotherapy typically involves subcutaneous injections. Patients are educated on how to administer insulin injections themselves and how to rotate injection sites to prevent lipodystrophy. The doses and timing of insulin administration are determined based on individual needs, taking into account factors such as diet, exercise, and the presence of other health conditions.

Advantages and Disadvantages

The primary advantage of conventional insulinotherapy is its simplicity and predictability, making it easier for some patients to manage their diabetes. However, this regimen offers less flexibility compared to intensive insulin therapy and may not adequately mimic natural insulin secretion. As a result, it may be associated with a higher risk of both hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia, especially if meals or physical activity levels vary.

Comparison with Intensive Insulin Therapy

Intensive insulin therapy involves more frequent insulin injections or the use of an insulin pump to more closely mimic the body's normal insulin pattern. While intensive therapy can offer better blood glucose control and flexibility, it requires more active management by the patient, including frequent blood glucose monitoring and dose adjustments.

Conclusion

Conventional insulinotherapy remains a viable option for managing diabetes in certain populations. It is essential for patients and healthcare providers to work closely together to determine the most appropriate insulin therapy based on individual lifestyle, preferences, and medical needs.