Cucumis sativus

Cucumis sativus, commonly known as the cucumber, is a widely cultivated plant in the gourd family, Cucurbitaceae. It is a creeping vine that bears cylindrical fruits that are used as culinary vegetables.

Description

The cucumber is a creeping vine that roots in the ground and grows up trellises or other supporting frames, wrapping around supports with thin, spiraling tendrils. The plant has large leaves that form a canopy over the fruits. The fruit of the cucumber is roughly cylindrical, elongated with tapered ends, and may be as large as 60 centimeters (24 in) long and 10 centimeters (3.9 in) in diameter.

Cultivation

Cucumbers are originated from South Asia, but now grows on most continents. Many different types of cucumber are traded on the global market. In North America, the term "wild cucumber" refers to plants in the genera Echinocystis and Marah, but these are not closely related. The cucumber is a highly popular plant in home gardens in many parts of the world, often being among the first plants to be planted.

Uses

Cucumbers are eaten in a variety of ways, including raw as a salad vegetable, cooked in a stir-fry, or pickled. The cucumber is also used in traditional medicine and has a high water content that makes it helpful for hydration and cooling.

Health Benefits

Cucumbers are low in calories but high in many important vitamins and minerals. They contain antioxidants, including flavonoids and tannins, which prevent the accumulation of harmful free radicals and may reduce the risk of chronic diseases.

See Also

• Cucurbitaceae
• Echinocystis
• Marah

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