Metabolic syndrome x

Metabolic Syndrome X, also known as Insulin Resistance Syndrome or Syndrome X, is a cluster of conditions that occur together, increasing the risk of heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes. These conditions include increased blood pressure, high blood sugar, excess body fat around the waist, and abnormal cholesterol or triglyceride levels.

Definition and Diagnosis

The World Health Organization (WHO) and the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (AHA/NHLBI) have set forth specific criteria for diagnosing Metabolic Syndrome X. According to the WHO, a person is diagnosed with the syndrome if they have insulin resistance or type 2 diabetes, plus any two of the following: obesity, hypertension, high triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol, or microalbuminuria. The AHA/NHLBI criteria are similar, but do not require the presence of insulin resistance.

Causes

While the exact cause of Metabolic Syndrome X is unknown, it's believed that a combination of genetics and lifestyle factors contribute to its development. These factors include obesity, inactivity, an unhealthy diet, and aging.

Treatment and Management

Treatment for Metabolic Syndrome X typically involves lifestyle modifications such as a healthy diet, regular exercise, and weight loss. In some cases, medication may be necessary to control individual components of the syndrome, such as high blood pressure or high cholesterol.

Prognosis

Without intervention, individuals with Metabolic Syndrome X are at a higher risk for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and other health complications. However, with proper management, these risks can be significantly reduced.

See Also

• Insulin resistance
• Obesity
• Type 2 diabetes
• Cardiovascular disease

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