Periodic fever

Periodic fever is a medical condition characterized by recurrent episodes of fever that occur without an apparent cause. These episodes are often accompanied by additional symptoms such as abdominal pain, joint pain, and skin rashes. The condition is typically present from birth and is usually diagnosed in childhood.

Causes

Periodic fever syndromes are caused by mutations in certain genes. These mutations lead to an overactive immune response, resulting in recurrent episodes of inflammation and fever. The specific gene that is mutated varies depending on the type of periodic fever syndrome.

Types

There are several types of periodic fever syndromes, including:

• Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF)
• Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Associated Periodic Syndrome (TRAPS)
• Hyperimmunoglobulin D Syndrome (HIDS)
• Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndromes (CAPS)

Each of these syndromes has different symptoms, causes, and treatments.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of periodic fever syndromes is recurrent episodes of fever. These episodes can last from a few hours to a few days. Other symptoms can include:

• Abdominal pain
• Joint pain
• Skin rashes
• Swollen lymph nodes
• Headaches

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of periodic fever syndromes is based on the patient's symptoms and medical history. Genetic testing can confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment

Treatment for periodic fever syndromes is aimed at managing symptoms and preventing complications. This can include:

• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to reduce inflammation and fever
• Corticosteroids to suppress the immune system
• Biologic drugs to block the action of specific immune cells

See also

• Fever
• Inflammation
• Immune system

Periodic fever Resources
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