Emodepside

Emodepside

Emodepside is a anthelmintic drug that is used in the treatment of parasitic worm infections. It is a semi-synthetic derivative of the naturally occurring cyclic depsipeptide PF1022A, which is produced by the fungus Rosellinia spp. Emodepside is used in veterinary medicine, particularly in the treatment of nematode infections in cats and dogs.

Mechanism of action

Emodepside acts on the parasite's nervous system, causing paralysis and death of the parasite. It binds to the latrophilin receptors in the parasite's nerve and muscle cells, leading to an influx of calcium ions, which results in muscle paralysis. This mechanism of action is unique among anthelmintics, making emodepside effective against parasites that are resistant to other drugs.

Uses

Emodepside is used in combination with praziquantel in a topical solution for the treatment of parasitic infections in cats and dogs. This combination is effective against a broad spectrum of parasites, including roundworms, hookworms, and tapeworms. Emodepside is also being investigated for potential use in humans, particularly for the treatment of onchocerciasis, also known as river blindness.

Side effects

The most common side effects of emodepside are mild and transient, and include vomiting, diarrhea, and loss of appetite. In rare cases, neurological side effects such as ataxia and tremors may occur.

Resistance

Resistance to emodepside has been reported in some parasites, particularly in the Haemonchus contortus species. This resistance is believed to be due to mutations in the latrophilin receptor, which prevent emodepside from binding and exerting its effect.

See also

• Anthelmintic
• Parasitic worm
• Nematode
• Praziquantel
• Onchocerciasis