Throw up

Throw up, also known as vomiting, emesis, or regurgitation, is a complex reflex action involving the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system. It is a common symptom of a wide range of health conditions, from minor illnesses to serious diseases.

Causes

Throwing up can be caused by a variety of factors, including gastroenteritis, pregnancy, migraines, food poisoning, and certain medications. It can also be a symptom of more serious conditions such as appendicitis, meningitis, or cancer. In some cases, vomiting can be induced intentionally, as in the case of bulimia nervosa, a serious eating disorder.

Physiology

The act of throwing up involves a series of coordinated contractions of the abdominal muscles, diaphragm, and esophagus. These contractions are triggered by the vomiting center, a region of the brain located in the medulla oblongata. When the vomiting center receives signals indicating that vomiting is necessary, it sends signals to the muscles involved in the process, causing them to contract and expel the contents of the stomach.

Treatment

Treatment for throwing up depends on the underlying cause. In many cases, rest and hydration are sufficient to alleviate symptoms. However, in cases where vomiting is severe or persistent, medical intervention may be necessary. This can include antiemetic medications to suppress the vomiting reflex, intravenous fluids to prevent dehydration, and in some cases, hospitalization.

See also

• Nausea
• Gastroenteritis
• Food poisoning
• Bulimia nervosa