Ureteral stenosis

Ureteral stenosis is a medical condition characterized by the narrowing of one or both ureters, the tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder. This condition can lead to various complications, including hydronephrosis, kidney stones, and kidney failure.

Causes

Ureteral stenosis can be caused by a variety of factors. These include congenital abnormalities, inflammatory diseases, trauma, and surgical complications. In some cases, the cause of ureteral stenosis may be unknown, a condition referred to as idiopathic ureteral stenosis.

Symptoms

The symptoms of ureteral stenosis can vary depending on the severity of the condition. Common symptoms include flank pain, hematuria (blood in the urine), and recurrent urinary tract infections. In severe cases, ureteral stenosis can lead to kidney damage and renal failure.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of ureteral stenosis typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and imaging studies. Imaging studies may include ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) scan, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In some cases, a ureteroscopy may be performed to directly visualize the ureter.

Treatment

The treatment of ureteral stenosis depends on the cause and severity of the condition. Treatment options may include medication, surgery, or ureteral stenting. In severe cases, kidney transplantation may be necessary.

See also

• Ureter
• Kidney disease
• Urinary tract infection