White adipose tissue

White Adipose Tissue

File:White adipose tissue.jpg

White adipose tissue under a microscope

White adipose tissue (WAT) is a type of adipose tissue that stores energy in the form of lipids. It is the most common type of adipose tissue in mammals, including humans. WAT is primarily located beneath the skin (subcutaneous fat) and around internal organs (visceral fat). It plays a crucial role in maintaining energy balance, insulating the body, and protecting internal organs.

Structure

White adipose tissue is composed of adipocytes, which are specialized cells that store energy as triglycerides. Each adipocyte contains a large lipid droplet surrounded by a thin layer of cytoplasm. The nucleus is pushed to the periphery of the cell by the lipid droplet.

Function

White adipose tissue serves several functions in the body. Its primary function is to store energy in the form of lipids, which can be mobilized when needed. It also insulates the body and protects internal organs from mechanical damage. In addition, WAT secretes several hormones, including leptin, adiponectin, and resistin, which regulate energy balance and insulin sensitivity.

Clinical Significance

Abnormal accumulation of white adipose tissue, particularly in the visceral region, is associated with obesity and related health problems, such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and certain types of cancer. Research is ongoing to understand the mechanisms underlying these associations and to develop strategies for preventing and treating obesity and its complications.

See Also

• Brown adipose tissue
• Adipocyte
• Obesity
• Metabolic syndrome