Deep state

The term deep state refers to a form of clandestine government made up of hidden or covert networks of power operating independently of a nation's political leadership, in pursuit of their own agenda and goals. The concept is often associated with conspiracy theories, suggesting that there is a hidden government within the legitimate government.

Origins and Definition

The concept of a deep state is believed to have originated in Turkey, where the term "derin devlet" was used to describe a network of military officers and their civilian allies who were said to be working behind the scenes to control the state. The term has since been adopted in other countries to describe similar phenomena.

The deep state is often characterized by its ability to operate independently of the elected government, using its influence to shape policy and decision-making. This can include elements within the military, intelligence agencies, bureaucracies, and other institutions.

Characteristics

The deep state is typically described as having the following characteristics:

• Secrecy: The operations and existence of the deep state are not publicly acknowledged, and its activities are often hidden from public view.
• Continuity: The deep state is said to persist across different administrations, maintaining its influence regardless of changes in elected leadership.
• Influence: The deep state is believed to have significant power to influence or control government policy and decision-making.
• Self-interest: The deep state is often portrayed as pursuing its own interests, which may not align with those of the elected government or the public.

Examples and Allegations

While the existence of a deep state is often debated, there have been numerous allegations and examples cited in various countries:

• In the United States, the term gained popularity during the Trump administration, with claims that elements within the government were working to undermine the president's agenda.
• In Egypt, the deep state is often used to describe the military's influence over the government, particularly following the 2013 Egyptian coup d'état.
• In Russia, the deep state is sometimes used to refer to the influence of the Federal Security Service (FSB) and other security agencies over political affairs.

Criticism and Controversy

The concept of the deep state is controversial, with critics arguing that it is often used to promote conspiracy theories and undermine trust in legitimate government institutions. Skeptics point out that the term is frequently used without evidence, and that it can be a tool for political manipulation.

Also see

• Conspiracy theory
• Shadow government (conspiracy)
• Military–industrial complex
• Bureaucracy
• Intelligence agency