Dictionary of anatomy

From WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia

The Dictionary of Anatomy is a comprehensive resource detailing terms and concepts related to human anatomy. It serves as a guide for students, educators, and professionals in the medical field.

A[edit | edit source]

  • Adipose tissue - A type of connective tissue that stores energy in the form of fat and cushions and insulates the body.
  • Alveoli (lungs) - Small air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place.
  • Aorta - The largest artery in the body, originating from the left ventricle of the heart and extending down to the abdomen.

B[edit | edit source]

  • Biceps brachii muscle - A muscle of the upper arm that acts to flex the elbow and rotate the forearm.
  • Bronchi - The main passageways directly attached to the lungs that carry air in from the trachea.
  • Buccal cavity - The mouth cavity bounded by the inner surface of the cheeks.

C[edit | edit source]

  • Cardiac muscle - A specialized form of muscle found only in the heart that contracts involuntarily to pump blood throughout the body.
  • Cerebellum - A region of the brain that plays an important role in motor control and cognitive functions.
  • Cochlea - A spiral-shaped cavity of the inner ear that is essential for hearing.

D[edit | edit source]

  • Dermis - The layer of skin beneath the epidermis that contains sweat and oil glands, hair follicles, blood vessels, and nerve endings.
  • Diaphragm (anatomy) - A large, dome-shaped muscle located at the base of the lungs that aids in breathing.
  • Duodenum - The first section of the small intestine immediately beyond the stomach, leading to the jejunum.

E[edit | edit source]

  • Epidermis - The outermost layer of skin that provides a waterproof barrier and creates our skin tone.
  • Erythrocytes - Red blood cells that carry oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues and carbon dioxide as a waste product away from tissues back to the lungs.
  • Esophagus - The tube that connects the throat (pharynx) with the stomach.

F[edit | edit source]

  • Femur - The thigh bone, which is the longest and strongest bone in the human body.
  • Fibula - The calf bone, which is one of the paired bones of the lower leg.

G[edit | edit source]

  • Gallbladder - A small organ that aids mainly in fat digestion and concentrates bile produced by the liver.
  • Gastrocnemius muscle - The muscle that forms half of the calf muscle, performing flexion of the foot at the ankle and flexion at the knee.

H[edit | edit source]

  • Hepatocytes - The main cell type of the liver, constituting 70-85% of the liver's cytoplasmic mass.
  • Hypothalamus - A region of the forebrain below the thalamus that coordinates both the autonomic nervous system and the activity of the pituitary, controlling body temperature, thirst, hunger, and other homeostatic systems.

I[edit | edit source]

  • Ileum - The final and longest segment of the small intestine.
  • Iris (eye) - The thin, circular structure in the eye that controls the diameter and size of the pupil and thus the amount of light reaching the retina.

J[edit | edit source]

  • Joint - Locations in the body where two or more bones meet, such as elbows, knees, and shoulders.

K[edit | edit source]

  • Kidney - One of a pair of organs in the abdominal cavity that excretes urine and regulates the composition of blood.

L[edit | edit source]

  • Larynx - The area of the throat containing the vocal cords and used for breathing, swallowing, and talking.
  • Ligament - A short band of tough, flexible, fibrous connective tissue that connects two bones or cartilages or holds together a joint.

M[edit | edit source]

  • Mitochondrion - Often described as the powerhouses of the cell, they generate the energy that our cells need to do their jobs.
  • Myocardium - The muscular tissue of the heart.

N[edit | edit source]

  • Neuron - A specialized cell transmitting nerve impulses; a nerve cell.
  • Nucleus (cell) - A membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell's chromosomes.

O[edit | edit source]

  • Occipital lobe - The visual processing center of the mammalian brain.
  • Ovary - The organ in women and female animals where ova or eggs are produced.

P[edit | edit source]

  • Pancreas - A glandular organ in the digestive system and endocrine system of vertebrates.
  • Patella - The small bone that is in the front of the knee joint; the kneecap.

Q[edit | edit source]

R[edit | edit source]

  • Radius (bone) - One of the two large bones of the forearm, the other being the ulna.

S[edit | edit source]

  • Scapula - The shoulder blade, which is the bone that connects the humerus (upper arm bone) with the clavicle (collar bone).
  • Sternum - The long, flat bone located in the central part of the chest, connecting with the ribs via cartilage.

T[edit | edit source]

  • Trachea - The windpipe; a large membranous tube reinforced by rings of cartilage, extending from the larynx to the bronchial tubes.
  • Tibia - The shinbone, the larger and stronger of the two bones in the leg below the knee in vertebrates.

U[edit | edit source]

  • Ulna - The inner and typically longer of the two bones in the human forearm, extending from the elbow to the smallest finger.

V[edit | edit source]

  • Ventricle (heart) - One of two large chambers that collect and expel blood received from an atrium towards the peripheral beds within the body and lungs.
  • Vertebra - Each of the series of small bones forming the backbone.

W[edit | edit source]

  • Wrist - The joint connecting the hand with the forearm.

X[edit | edit source]

  • Xiphoid process - A small cartilaginous process of the lower part of the sternum.

Y[edit | edit source]

  • Yellow marrow - Bone marrow that is yellow with fat; found at the ends of long bones in adults.

Z[edit | edit source]

  • Zygomatic bone - Also known as the cheekbone or malar bone, is a paired bone of the human skull.

List of anatomy articles[edit | edit source]

Also see[edit | edit source]

Glossaries, dictionaries, and lists in WikiMD[edit source]

Popular Glossaries Dictionaries Lists & Glossaries Topics
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Additional Resources:[edit source]

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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD