Fetal macrosomia

Fetal macrosomia is a condition where a baby is significantly larger than average for its gestational age. The term is often used to describe a newborn with a birth weight of more than 8 pounds, 13 ounces (4,000 grams), regardless of the gestational age.

Causes

Fetal macrosomia is caused by various factors, including genetic factors, maternal conditions such as diabetes or obesity, and certain pregnancy conditions. It can also occur if the mother has had previous large babies or if the pregnancy goes beyond the due date.

Complications

Fetal macrosomia can lead to complications for both the mother and the baby. For the mother, these can include labor problems, a higher risk of cesarean section, and postpartum hemorrhage. For the baby, complications can include low blood sugar, jaundice, and a higher risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes in later life.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of fetal macrosomia can be challenging before birth. It is often diagnosed when a baby is born weighing more than 8 pounds, 13 ounces. However, some doctors may suspect the condition if the mother has certain risk factors or if the baby appears large on ultrasound scans.

Treatment

Treatment for fetal macrosomia depends on the baby's size and the mother's health. If the baby is not too large, a vaginal birth may be possible. However, if the baby is very large, a cesarean section may be recommended. After birth, the baby will be monitored for low blood sugar and other potential complications.

Prevention

Prevention of fetal macrosomia involves managing the mother's health during pregnancy. This can include controlling blood sugar levels if the mother has diabetes, maintaining a healthy weight, and getting regular prenatal care.

Fetal macrosomia Resources
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