Haematoma

Haematoma is a localized collection of blood outside the blood vessels, usually in liquid form within the tissue. This can occur anywhere in the body and often results from hemorrhage, or bleeding. Haematomas are a common result of injury and vary in size from tiny to huge, depending on the damage done and the place it occurs. For example, a head injury can cause a very large haematoma, which can be life-threatening.

Causes

Haematomas often occur when a blood vessel is damaged by injury, causing blood to leak out of the vessel into the surrounding tissues. This can happen in any part of the body, including the brain, skin, muscles, and organs. The blood that leaks out is initially bright red, but as it begins to clot, it turns a dark red or purple color. Over time, the body reabsorbs the blood, and the haematoma disappears.

Symptoms

The symptoms of a haematoma depend on its location, size, and whether it causes associated swelling or edema. A small haematoma in the skin or muscles might appear as a lump under the skin. If the haematoma is large, it can cause pain and swelling. In severe cases, a haematoma in the brain can cause unconsciousness or death.

Treatment

Treatment for a haematoma depends on its size and location. Small haematomas often require no treatment, as they will be reabsorbed by the body over time. Larger haematomas might need to be drained, especially if they are causing discomfort or pressing on other structures. In some cases, surgery might be needed to remove a large haematoma.

See also

• Bruise
• Hematology
• Blood vessel

Haematoma Resources
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