Hereditary hyperuricemia

Hereditary disease refers to any health condition or disorder that is inherited from a person's parents or ancestors through their genes. These diseases are also known as genetic disorders or inherited diseases.

Overview

Hereditary diseases are caused by abnormalities in an individual's genetic makeup. These abnormalities can range from a small mutation in a single gene to a gross chromosomal abnormality involving the addition or subtraction of an entire chromosome or set of chromosomes. Some hereditary diseases are passed on from parents to their children through dominant or recessive genes, while others are caused by complex interactions of multiple genes and environmental factors.

Types of Hereditary Diseases

There are several types of hereditary diseases, including single-gene disorders, chromosomal disorders, and complex disorders.

Single-Gene Disorders

Single-gene disorders, also known as Mendelian disorders, are caused by changes or mutations in the DNA sequence of a single gene. Examples of single-gene disorders include cystic fibrosis, sickle cell disease, and Huntington's disease.

Chromosomal Disorders

Chromosomal disorders are caused by changes in the number or structure of the chromosomes. Examples of chromosomal disorders include Down syndrome, Turner syndrome, and Klinefelter syndrome.

Complex Disorders

Complex disorders, also known as multifactorial disorders, are caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Examples of complex disorders include heart disease, diabetes, and cancer.

Diagnosis and Treatment

The diagnosis of hereditary diseases often involves genetic testing, which can identify changes in chromosomes, genes, or proteins. Treatment varies depending on the specific disease and may include medication, surgery, physical therapy, and lifestyle changes.

See Also

• Genetic testing
• Genetic counseling
• Gene therapy