Lingual lipase

Identifiers
EC number	3.1.1.3
CAS number	9001-62-1
Alt. names
IntEnz	IntEnz view
BRENDA	BRENDA entry
ExPASy	NiceZyme view
KEGG	KEGG entry
MetaCyc	metabolic pathway

Lingual lipase is an enzyme that is secreted in the mouth and is responsible for the initial stage of lipid digestion. It is produced by the serous glands located on the tongue's surface. Lingual lipase plays a crucial role in the digestion of dietary triglycerides into free fatty acids and diglycerides.

Function

Lingual lipase is particularly important in the digestion of dietary fats in neonates and individuals with pancreatic insufficiency. It is active in the acidic environment of the stomach, unlike other lipases that require a neutral pH. This enzyme initiates the breakdown of triglycerides into diglycerides and free fatty acids, which are further digested in the small intestine by pancreatic lipase.

Mechanism of Action

Lingual lipase acts on the ester bonds of triglycerides, hydrolyzing them into diglycerides and free fatty acids. This process begins in the mouth and continues in the stomach, where the acidic pH enhances its activity. The enzyme's ability to function in acidic conditions makes it unique among lipases.

Clinical Significance

Lingual lipase is essential for the digestion of milk fat in infants, as their pancreatic function is not fully developed. In adults, it compensates for reduced pancreatic lipase activity in conditions such as cystic fibrosis and chronic pancreatitis.

See Also

• Lipase
• Pancreatic lipase
• Digestion
• Enzyme