Lingual lipase

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Lingual lipase is an enzyme that is secreted by the Ebner's glands located on the dorsal surface of the tongue. It plays a crucial role in the digestion of dietary lipids (fats) by initiating the breakdown of triglycerides into free fatty acids and diglycerides.

Function

Lingual lipase is active in the mouth and continues to function in the acidic environment of the stomach. It is particularly important in the digestion of milk fat in newborns, as their pancreatic lipase activity is not fully developed. The enzyme works optimally at a pH range of 4.5 to 5.4, which allows it to remain active in the stomach.

Mechanism of Action

Lingual lipase hydrolyzes the ester bonds in triglycerides, converting them into free fatty acids and diglycerides. This process is essential for the emulsification and absorption of dietary fats. The enzyme's activity is enhanced by the presence of bile salts and colipase, which are secreted by the liver and pancreas, respectively.

Clinical Significance

Deficiency or malfunction of lingual lipase can lead to difficulties in fat digestion and absorption, potentially resulting in conditions such as steatorrhea (excess fat in feces). Understanding the role of lingual lipase is also important in the context of certain metabolic disorders and diseases affecting the gastrointestinal tract.

Related Enzymes

Lingual lipase is part of a broader group of lipases, which include:

• Pancreatic lipase
• Gastric lipase
• Hepatic lipase

See Also

• Digestive enzyme
• Lipid metabolism
• Salivary glands
• Gastrointestinal physiology