Lupus glomerulonephritis

Lupus Glomerulonephritis is a serious kidney disorder that is a common complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). It is characterized by inflammation and scarring of the glomeruli in the kidneys.

Etiology

The exact cause of lupus glomerulonephritis is unknown, but it is believed to be an autoimmune disease. In people with SLE, the immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue, including the kidneys. This can lead to inflammation and damage to the glomeruli, the tiny filtering units of the kidneys.

Symptoms

Symptoms of lupus glomerulonephritis can vary widely, depending on the severity of the disease and the individual patient. Common symptoms include proteinuria (excess protein in the urine), hematuria (blood in the urine), high blood pressure, and swelling in the legs and ankles.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of lupus glomerulonephritis typically involves a combination of blood and urine tests, imaging studies, and a kidney biopsy. The kidney biopsy can confirm the diagnosis and help determine the severity of the disease.

Treatment

Treatment for lupus glomerulonephritis is aimed at reducing inflammation and preventing further damage to the kidneys. This typically involves medications to suppress the immune system, such as corticosteroids and immunosuppressant drugs. In severe cases, dialysis or a kidney transplant may be necessary.

Prognosis

The prognosis for lupus glomerulonephritis can vary widely, depending on the severity of the disease and the individual patient's response to treatment. With early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, many people with lupus glomerulonephritis can lead normal, healthy lives.