Meconium ileus

Meconium ileus is a condition that affects newborns, causing a blockage in the ileum, or the last part of the small intestine. It is often associated with cystic fibrosis, a genetic disorder that affects the lungs and digestive system.

Causes

Meconium ileus is caused by the thick, sticky meconium (the first stool of an infant) blocking the ileum. This blockage can occur because the meconium is too thick to move through the intestine, or because the muscles of the intestine are not moving it along as they should. This condition is often the first sign of cystic fibrosis.

Symptoms

The symptoms of meconium ileus may include a swollen abdomen, vomiting, and the inability to pass stool. The baby may also fail to gain weight as expected.

Diagnosis

Meconium ileus is usually diagnosed shortly after birth. The diagnosis may be suspected if the baby has not passed meconium within 24 to 48 hours after birth. Tests to confirm the diagnosis may include an abdominal X-ray, an ultrasound of the abdomen, or a sweat test to check for cystic fibrosis.

Treatment

The treatment for meconium ileus may include surgery to remove the blockage, or medication to help break up the meconium. In some cases, a special diet may be recommended to help manage the condition.

Prognosis

The prognosis for babies with meconium ileus varies. Some babies may recover fully with treatment, while others may have ongoing problems with digestion and nutrition. The prognosis is also affected by whether the baby has cystic fibrosis.

See also

• Cystic fibrosis
• Ileus
• Neonatology

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