Dictionary-of-government-A

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A

abatement - any set of measures designed to permanently eliminate lead-based paint hazards in accordance with standards established by appropriate Federal agencies includes (A) the removal of lead-based paint and lead-contaminated dust, the permanent containment or encapsulation of lead-based paint, the replacement of lead-painted surfaces or fixtures, and the removal or covering of lead contaminated soil; and (B) all preparation, cleanup, disposal, and post abatement clearance testing activities associated with such measures.
abducted child - a child who is the victim of international child abduction.
abduction - the alleged wrongful removal of a child from the child's country of habitual residence, or the wrongful retention of a child outside such country, in violation of a left-behind parent's custodial rights, including the rights of a military parent.
abduction case - a case that—(A) has been reported to the Central Authority of the United States by a left-behind parent for the resolution of an abduction; and (B) meets the criteria for an international child abduction under the Hague Abduction Convention, regardless of whether the country at issue is a Convention country.
aboveground storage tank - storage tank where more than 90 percent of its capacity is above the ground may contain petroleum or regulated hazardous substances.
abroad - all areas not included within the United States.
absence without official leave - a non-pay status and means any absence from duty which has not been approved in accordance with the provisions of applicable regulations and policy.
absent uniformed services voter- (A) a member of a uniformed service on active duty who, by reason of such active duty, is absent from the place of residence where the member is otherwise qualified to vote; (B) a member of the merchant marine who, by reason of service in the merchant marine, is absent from the place of residence where the member is otherwise qualified to vote; and (C) a spouse or dependent of a member referred to in subparagraph (A) or (B) who, by reason of the active duty or service of the member, is absent from the place of residence where the spouse or dependent is otherwise qualified to vote.
absolute risk - level of risk expressed with real-world units of measurement that allows for independent interpretation without comparison to estimates of other risks.
absolute risk unmitigated - level of risk that exists without risk controls hypothetical condition that would exist if risk mitigation measures were absent.
abuse - any deliberate action intended to cause mental or physical harm.
acceptability - The joint operation plan review criterion for assessing whether the contemplated course of action is proportional, worth the cost, consistent with the law of war; and is militarily and politically supportable. See also adequacy; feasibility.
acceptable risk - level of risk at which, given costs and benefits associated with reduction measures, no action is deemed to be warranted at a given point in time.
acceptance - The act of an authorized representative of the U.S. Government assuming ownership of existing identified supplies tendered or approving specific services rendered as partial or complete performance of the contract requirements. This includes acknowledging that the supplies or services are in conformity with the applicable contract quality and quantity requirements.
access - In counterintelligence and intelligence use, a. a way or means of approach to identify a target; or b. exploitable proximity to or ability to approach an individual, facility, or information that enables target to carry out the intended mission.
access information - ability to obtain information.
access and functional need accommodation - circumstances that are met for providing physical, programmatic, and effective communication access to the whole community by accommodating individual requirements through universal accessibility and/ or specific actions or modifications includes assistance, accommodation or modification for mobility, communication, transportation, safety, health maintenance, etc.; need for assistance, accommodation or modification due to any situation (temporary or permanent) that limits an individual’s ability to take action in an emergency.
access approval authority - person responsible for final special access program (SAP) access approval and/ or denial determination.
access board - independent federal agency responsible for developing and maintaining accessibility standards and guidelines for built environments, transit vehicles, telecommunications equipment, and electronic and information technology (EIT).
access case - a case involving an application filed with the Central Authority of the United States by a parent seeking rights of access.
access control - Organizations must limit information system access to authorized users, processes acting on behalf of authorized users or devices (including other information systems), and to the types of transactions and functions that authorized users are permitted to exercise. Also called AC
Access Control Facility, Version 2 - A National Security Agency (NSA)-approved, C-2 rated software product. It provides security for data stored on computer systems using the IBM Multiple Virtual System/ Enhanced Services Architecture (MVS/ ESA) operating system. Also called ACF2.
access eligibility review - process and procedure addressing the suitability indicators of the person recommended for Special Access Program access.
access eligibility waiver - access eligibility granted or continued despite the presence of substantial issue(s) information that would normally preclude access.
accessibility - The degree to which the content of a website is available to everyone, including persons with disabilities.
accessible - Having the legally required features and/ or qualities that ensure entrance, participation, and usability of places, programs, services, and activities by individuals with a wide variety of disabilities.
accident - damage to or destruction of vehicles in surface or air transportation or pipelines, regardless of whether the initiating event is accidental or otherwise.
accident investigation - any form of investigation by Coast Guard personnel of an aircraft accident, other than a safety investigation.
accidental hazard - source of harm or difficulty created by negligence, error, or unintended failure.
accidental release - an unanticipated emission of a regulated substance or other extremely hazardous substance into the ambient air from a stationary source.
accommodation exchange - The conversion of U.S. dollars into the currency of the host country (local currency) or another currency. The term describes the process of the selling local currency for U.S. dollars.
accommodation exchange transaction - The authorized exchange of equivalent monetary values in different forms to authorized persons; for example, foreign currency in exchange for U.S. dollar check(s).
accompanying supplies — Unit supplies that deploy with forces.
accompanying, accompanied - a. an alien who is issued an immigrant visa within 6 months of- (1) The date of issuance of a visa to the principal alien; (2) The date of adjustment of status in the United States of the principal alien; or (3) The date on which the principal alien personally appears and registers before a consular officer abroad to confer alternate foreign state chargeability or immigrant status upon a spouse or child. b. An accompanying relative may not precede the principal alien to the United States.
accountability - The ability to account for personal property by providing a complete audit trail for property transactions from receipt to final disposition.
accountability - The obligation imposed by law or lawful order or regulation on an officer or other person for keeping accurate record of property, documents, or funds.
accountability statements or statements of accountability - U.S. disbursing officers (USDOs) prepare and submit statements of accountability to the Department of Treasury monthly on Form SF-1218, Statement of Accountability (Foreign Service Account (FSA), which determine the accountability of the disbursing officers FSA account.
accountable officer - An officer or employee who is designated as such or in possession of official funds. This individual is personally accountable for all funds advanced to or in possession of the individual until one of the following occurs- (1) The funds are returned to the U.S. disbursing officer (USDO), bureau, or cashier who advanced them; (2) The funds are deposited in the proper U.S. Government depositary account. The accountable individual may be granted relief if certain conditions are met.
accountable officer - Any U.S. Government officer or employee who by reason of his or her employment is responsible for or has custody of U.S. Government funds. An accountable officer is personally liable to the U.S. Government for any loss of the funds in his or her charge, regardless of fault, unless relief is granted or the loss is recovered. Accountable officers include such officials as authorized disbursing officers, certifying officers, collecting officers, cashiers, or consular officers and other employees who have custody of U.S. Government funds.
accountable property - Personal property that must be tracked on property records, including capitalized property, inventoried as required, that meets the following criteria- (1) Regardless of cost- (a) Government accountable property on loan; (b) Motor vehicles; (c) Aircraft; (d) Boats; (e) Heritage assets; (f) Leased property; (g) Firearms, aiming, and night-vision optics; (h) Sensitive personal property; (i) Protective personnel equipment (helmets, vests, etc.); (j) Classified or unclassified CPUs, monitors, and laptop computers; (k) All personal property located in warehouse or storeroom; (l) Two-way mobile radio systems with programmed frequencies such as emergency and evacuation or local guard force channels; (m) Fuel; (n) Furniture and equipment in residence; (o) Fire extinguishers; and (p) Munitions list items; (2) Serialized property having an acquisition cost of $500 or greater per item; and (3) Nonexpendable personal property with an acquisition cost of $5,000 or more per item.
accountable property - Property that must be tracked on accountable property records and inventoried, as required.
accounted for -(A) the person is returned to United States control alive;(B) the remains of the person are recovered and, if not identifiable through visual means as those of the missing person, are identified as those of the missing person by a practitioner of an appropriate forensic science; or (C) credible evidence exists to support another determination of the person's status.
accounting functions - The methods and procedures used by the Department to record, classify, and report information on its financial position and operations. Encompassed are the various operations related to financing sources and gains, expenses, losses and transfers out, costs, assets, liabilities, and net position activities. This includes the manual and automated procedures and processes from the point a transaction is authorized (initiated) to issuance of financial statements and management information reports containing the data in detail or in summary form.
accounting standards or principles - those conventions, rules, and procedures necessary to define acceptable accounting practice at a particular time. Accounting standards include broad guidelines of general application and may also include detailed practices and procedures.
accreditation - approval given to an organization for performing specific functions after it has met defined requirements.
accreditation - The official management decision given by a senior agency official to authorize operation of an information system and to explicitly accept the risk to agency operations (including mission, functions, image, or reputation) or agency assets, based on the implementation of an agreed upon set of security controls.
accredited - currently certified by a nationally recognized accrediting agency or making satisfactory progress toward achieving accreditation.
accrediting entity - an entity that has been designated by the Secretary to accredit agencies (including to temporarily accredit) and/ or to approve persons for purposes of providing adoption services in the United States in cases subject to the Convention. Also called AE.
accrual date - The date of the incident causing the loss or damage or when the loss or damage is or should have been discovered by the claimant through exercise of due diligence.
accrued annual leave - annual leave accruing to an officer during one leave year.
accrued expenditures - the charges incurred by the recipient during a given period requiring the provision of funds for: (1) goods and other tangible property received; (2) services performed by employees, contractors, sub-recipients, and other payees; and, (3) other amounts becoming owed under programs for which no current services or performance is required.
accrued income - the sum of: (1) earnings during a given period from (i) services performed by the recipient, and (ii) goods and other tangible property delivered to purchasers, and (2) amounts becoming owed to the recipient for which no current services or performance is required by the recipient.
accrued leave - Leave earned by an employee during the current leave year that is unused at any given time in that year.
accrued liability - the excess of the present value, as of a particular valuation date of a pension plan, of the projected future benefit costs and administrative expenses for all plan participants and beneficiaries over the present value of future contributions for the normal cost of all applicable plan participants and beneficiaries. The Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe regulations to carry out this paragraph.
accumulated annual leave - unused accrued annual leave carried forward from one leave year into a succeeding leave year.
accumulated depreciation - The total depreciation recorded on an asset since its acquisition.
accumulated leave - The unused leave remaining to the credit of an employee at the beginning of a leave year. For purposes of lump-sum payment, accumulated leave means the regular carryover balance from the previous leave year, and unused annual leave accrued during the then current leave year, plus any unused restored annual leave maintained in a special leave account. FAH‐1 H‐3311 )
accumulating costs - the collecting of cost data in an organized manner, such as through a system of accounts.
acknowledged special access program - special access program established and administered so that its existence may be affirmed (e.g., may be publicly acknowledged)however, specific details, technologies, materials, techniques, etc., of the program are classified as specified in the applicable security classification guide and made known only to those individuals approved for access to the special access program.
acknowledgment - A declaration by an individual before a notarizing officer that an instrument (such as a deed, mortgage, lease, contract for the sale of land, etc.) signed by the individual is the individuals act and deed - The purpose of an acknowledgment is to permit the instrument to be recorded or received in evidence - An acknowledgment is almost never made under oath or affirmation.
acknowledgment - A message from a telegraphic addressee informing the originator that the communication has been received. Also called ACK.
acknowledgment - Brief response to members of Congress to indicate receipt of correspondence.
acoustic intelligence — Intelligence derived from the collection and processing of acoustic phenomena. Also called ACINT.
acoustic sensor - sensor that passively detects and utilizes the presence of sound in order to activate a device.
acquired - leased for a period of sixty continuous days or more, or purchased.
acquired immune deficiency syndrome - also called AIDS.
acquirer - organization responsible for the design, development, and delivery of capabilities (capital assets and services).
acquisition - the acquiring by contract with appropriated funds of supplies or services (including construction) by and for the use of the Federal Government through purchase or lease, whether the supplies or services are already in existence or must be created, developed, demonstrated, and evaluated. Acquisition begins at the point when agency needs are established and includes the description of requirements to satisfy agency needs, solicitation and selection of sources, award of contracts, contract financing, contract performance, contract administration, and those technical and management functions directly related to the process of fulfilling agency needs by contract.
acquisition - the process of acquiring, with appropriated funds, by contract for purchase or lease, property or services (including construction) that support the mission and goals of an executive agency, from the point at which the requirements of the executive agency are established in consultation with the CAO of the executive agency; and include: the process of acquiring property or services that are already in existence, or that must be created, developed, demonstrated, and evaluated; the description of requirements to satisfy agency needs; solicitation and selection of sources; award of contracts; contract performance; contract financing; management and measurement of contract performance through final delivery and payment; and technical and management functions directly related to the process of fulfilling agency requirements by contract.
acquisition and cross-servicing agreement - Agreement, negotiated on a bilateral basis with United States allies or coalition partners, that allow United States forces to exchange most common types of support, including food, fuel, transportation, ammunition, and equipment. Also called ACSA. See also cross-servicing.
acquisition cost - All costs to the U.S. Government for putting the property into use when the property is originally acquired. It includes the amount paid to vendors plus any transportation charges, installation/ assembly, handling charges and storage costs, labor and other direct or indirect production costs (for goods produced or constructed), and outside services for designs, plans, or specifications, billed from sources other than the vendor. It does not include training costs or warranty costs. When the acquisition cost of an item is unavailable, the fair-market value of the item is considered the acquisition cost.
acquisition cost - the amount prudently required to be expended by a public housing agency in acquiring property for a low-income housing project.
acquisition cost of equipment - the net invoice price of the equipment, including the cost of modifications, attachments, accessories, or auxiliary apparatus necessary to make the property usable for the purpose for which it was acquired. Other charges, such as the cost of installation, transportation, taxes, duty or protective in-transit insurance, shall be included or excluded from the unit acquisition cost in accordance with the recipient's regular accounting practices.
acquisition decision event - predetermined point within the acquisition phases at which the investment will undergo a review prior to commencement of the next phase.
acquisition plan - The result of the coordinated and integrated efforts of all personnel responsible for an acquisition working together to develop a comprehensive plan for fulfilling the agency need in a timely manner and at a reasonable cost. DOSAR requires domestic requirements offices to develop formal, written acquisition plans for all acquisitions whose value, including base and all option amounts, exceeds $5 million.
acquisition planning - the process by which the efforts of all personnel responsible for an acquisition are coordinated and integrated through a comprehensive plan for fulfilling the agency need in a timely manner and at a reasonable cost. It includes developing the overall strategy for managing the acquisition.
acquisition planning - The process by which the efforts of all personnel responsible for an acquisition are coordinated and integrated through a comprehensive plan to fulfill needs in a timely manner and at a reasonable cost. This includes developing the overall strategy for managing the acquisition.
acquisition support agencies - Defense Agencies and Department of Defense Field Activities that carry out and provide support for acquisition-related activities.
acquisition workforce - individuals who perform various acquisition-related functions to support the accomplishment of the mission of an agency, including requirements definition, measurement of contract performance, and technical and management direction.
acquisitions - Used generically to include both light-duty motor vehicles and medium-duty passenger vehicles acquired by procurement, lease, transfer, forfeiture, or confiscation.
acquisitions period - One of the three periods in the project cycle proceeded by study period and followed by the operations period. The acquisition period encompasses the source selection period. FAM 613 )
act of God - an unanticipated grave natural disaster or other natural phenomenon of an exceptional, inevitable, and irresistible character the effects of which could not have been prevented or avoided by the exercise of due care or foresight.
act of international terrorism- (A) an act of torture, extrajudicial killing, aircraft sabotage, or hostage taking; and (B) providing material support or resources. - (A) any act substantially contributing to the acquisition of unsafeguarded special nuclear material or any nuclear explosive device by an individual, group, or non-nuclear-weapon state; and (B) any act, as determined by the Secretary, which materially supports the conduct of international terrorism, including the counterfeiting of United States currency or the illegal use of other monetary instruments by an individual, group, or country supporting international terrorism.
act of international terrorism - an act (A) which is violent or dangerous to human life and that is a violation of the criminal laws of the United States or of any State or that would be a criminal violation if committed within the jurisdiction of the United States or any State; and (B) which appears to be intended—

(i) to intimidate or coerce a civilian population; (ii) to influence the policy of a government by intimidation or coercion; or (iii) to affect the conduct of a government by assassination or kidnapping.

act of mercy - In personnel recovery, assistance rendered to evaders by an individual or elements of the local population who sympathize or empathize with the evaders’ cause or plight. See also evader; evasion; recovery; recovery operations.
act of piracy - any act of aggression, search, restraint, depredation, or seizure attempted against a vessel of the United States by an individual not authorized by the United States, a foreign government, or an international organization recognized by the United States to enforce law on the high seas.
act of terrorism - any act that the Secretary determines meets the requirements under subparagraph (B), as such requirements are further defined and specified by the Secretary. (B) An act meets the requirements of this subparagraph if the act — (i) is unlawful;

(ii) causes harm to a person, property, or entity, in the United States, or in the case of a domestic United States air carrier or a United States-flag vessel (or a vessel based principally in the United States on which United States income tax is paid and whose insurance coverage is subject to regulation in the United States), in or outside the United States; and (iii) uses or attempts to use instrumentalities, weapons or other methods designed or intended to cause mass destruction, injury or other loss to citizens or institutions of the United States.

act of war - any act occurring in the course of—

(A) declared war; (B) armed conflict, whether or not war has been declared, between two or more nations; or (C) armed conflict between military forces of any origin.

acting within the scope of his office or employment - acting in line of duty.
action - A lawsuit or other proceeding pending before a court or a quasi-judicial body or a body acting in such a capacity.
action addressee - The post or element to which a cable is directed by the originator for action.
action addressee - The post or element to which a telegram is directed by the originator for action.
action phase - In amphibious operations, the period of time between the arrival of the landing forces of the amphibious force in the operational area and the accomplishment of their mission. See also amphibious force; amphibious operation; landing force; mission.
actionable information - information and/ or intelligence that allows a decision to be made or action to be taken by the appropriate party.
activated - receiving an order placing a Reservist on active duty.
activation — Order to active duty (other than for training) in the federal service. See also active duty; federal service.
activation message - message providing notice of intended potential reaction.
active air defense — Direct defensive action taken to destroy, nullify, or reduce the effectiveness of hostile air and missile threats against friendly forces and assets. See also air defense.
active defense — The employment of limited offensive action and counterattacks to deny a contested area or position to the enemy. See also passive defense.
active duty — Full-time duty in the active military service of the United States, including active duty or full-time training duty in the Reserve Component. See also active duty for training; inactive duty training.
active duty - full-time duty in the active military service of the United States. It includes such Federal duty as full-time training duty, annual training duty, and attendance, while in the active military service, at a school designated as a service school by law or by the Secretary of the military department concerned. It does not include full-time National Guard duty.
active duty - full-time duty in the active military service of the United States. Such term includes full- time training duty, annual training duty, and attendance, while in the active military service, at a school designated as a service school by law or by the Secretary of the military department concerned. Such term does not include full-time National Guard duty.
active duty —(A) full-time duty in the Armed Forces, other than active duty for training;

(B) full-time duty (other than for training purposes) as a commissioned officer of the Regular or Reserve Corps of the Public Health Service (i) on or after July 29, 1945, or (ii) before that date under circumstances affording entitlement to full military benefits or (iii) at any time, (C) full-time duty as a commissioned officer of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration or its predecessor organization the Coast and Geodetic Survey (i) on or after July 29, 1945, or (ii) before that date (I) while on transfer to one of the Armed Forces, or (II) while, in time of war or national emergency declared by the President, assigned to duty on a project for one of the Armed Forces in an area determined by the Secretary of Defense to be of immediate military hazard, or (III) in the Philippine Islands on December 7, 1941, and continuously in such islands thereafter, or (iii) at any time, for the purposes of chapter 13 of this title; (D) service as a cadet at the United States Military, Air Force, or Coast Guard Academy, or as a midshipman at the United States Naval Academy; and (E) authorized travel to or from such duty or service.

active duty for a period of more than 30 days - active duty under a call or order that does not specify a period of 30 days or less. §101 )
active duty for training - A tour of active duty that is used for training members of the Reserve Component to provide trained units and qualified persons to fill the needs of the Armed Forces in time of war or national emergency and such other times as the national security requires. Also called ADT.
active duty for training —

(A) full-time duty in the Armed Forces performed by Reserves for training purposes; (B) full-time duty for training purposes performed as a commissioned officer of the Reserve Corps of the Public Health Service (i) on or after July 29, 1945, or (ii) before that date under circumstances affording entitlement to full military benefits, or (iii) at any time, for the purposes of chapter 13 of this title; (C) in the case of members of the Army National Guard or Air National Guard of any State, full-time duty under title 32, or the prior corresponding provisions of law; (D) duty performed by a member of a Senior Reserve Officers' Training Corps program when ordered to such duty for the purpose of training or a practice cruise under chapter 103 of title 10 for a period of not less than four weeks and which must be completed by the member before the member is commissioned; and (E) authorized travel to or from such duty. Does not include duty performed as a temporary member of the Coast Guard Reserve.

active duty service - Service in the armed forces of the United States performed on a full-time basis with military pay and allowances. Additionally, active duty military service means that all of an individual's time and efforts are at the disposal of military authorities; he or she disassociates himself or herself from the performance of civilian employment during the period of military service.
Active Guard and Reserve - National Guard and Reserve members who are on voluntary active duty providing full-time support to National Guard, Reserve, and Active Component organizations for the purpose of organizing, administering, recruiting, instructing, or training the Reserve Components.
active infrared sensor - sensor that emits an infrared beam to a receiver forming an invisible link that, when broken, acts as a trigger to activate a device.
active ingredient pesticide - substance (or group of structurally similar substances if specified by the Agency) that prevents, destroys, repels or mitigates any pest, or that functions as a plant regulator, desiccant, or defoliant within the meaning of FIFRA.
active lock - electric locking device that holds a portal closed and cannot be opened for egress by normal operation of the door hardware magnetic locks.
active military, naval, or air service —

(A) active duty; (B) any period of active duty for training during which the individual concerned was disabled or died from a disease or injury incurred or aggravated in line of duty; and (C) any period of inactive duty training during which the individual concerned was disabled or died (i) from an injury incurred or aggravated in line of duty; or (ii) from an acute myocardial infarction, a cardiac arrest, or a cerebrovascular accident occurring during such training.

active participation in hostilities - a. Taking part in combat or military activities related to combat, including sabotage and serving as a decoy, a courier, or at a military checkpoint; or b. Taking part in direct support functions related to combat, including transporting supplies or providing other services. c. Active participants in hostilities may include (nonexhaustive)- (1) Combatants; (2) Porters; (3) Spies or informants; (4) Couriers; (5) Human mine detectors; or (6) Executioners.
active sensor - detecting device that transmits some type of energy and detects a change in the received energy created by the presence of motion of the target.Lexicon, Terms )
active server pages - Microsoft's server-side technology for dynamically-generated web pages in conjunction with a Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS) web server. Also called ASP.
active service - service on active duty or full-time National Guard duty.
active status - the status of a member of a reserve component who is not in the inactive Army National Guard or inactive Air National Guard, on an inactive status list, or in the Retired Reserve.
active-duty list - a single list for the Army, Navy, Air Force, or Marine Corps which contains the names of all officers of that armed force, other than officers who are serving on active duty.
activity — 1. A unit, organization, or installation performing a function or mission. 2. A function, mission, action, or collection of actions.

may be inherently governmental or commercial in nature.

activity address code - a distinct six-position code consisting of a combination of alpha and/ or numeric characters assigned to identify specific agency offices, units, activities, or organizations by the General Services Administration for civilian agencies and by the Department of Defense for defense agencies. Also called AAC.
activity cycle - Loosely outlined by five stages - Idea, Pending, Cleared, Completed, and Closed - the Activity Cycle aims to focus people on the intentionality of implementation and evaluating its impact. Throughout the Activity Cycle, lessons learned must be documented and then subsequently used in creating follow-on activities. Similarly, new ideas may stem from one activity that lead to other ideas in an effort to maximize the positive impact.
actual cost - all costs associated with the use and operation of an aircraft.
actual cost - an amount determined on the basis of cost incurred (as distinguished from forecasted cost), including standard cost properly adjusted for applicable variance.
actual expense - Payment of authorized actual expenses incurred, up to the limit prescribed by the agency. Entitlement to reimbursement is contingent upon entitlement to per diem, and is subject to the same definitions and rules governing per diem. This expense is sometimes called actual subsistence expense.
actually imposed - The phrase actually imposed refers to the actual length of the sentence imposed by the court, including sentences that are imposed but suspended, and not the period of imprisonment served.
actuals - Expenses obligated during each quarter and reported on the FSC-60 reports. Obligations accumulate from quarter to quarter during the year. The FSC-60 reports are prepared by Financial Services Centers (FSCs) and Financial Management Centers (FMCs) and are transmitted to serviced posts.
acute radiation dose — Total ionizing radiation dose received at one time and over a period so short that biological recovery cannot occur.
acute radiation syndrome — An acute illness caused by irradiation of the body by a high dose of penetrating radiation in a very short period of time. Also called ARS.
ad valorem - includes ad valorem equivalent. Whenever any limitation on the amount by which or to which any rate of duty may be decreased or increased pursuant to a trade agreement is expressed in terms of an ad valorem percentage, the ad valorem amount taken into account for purposes of such limitation shall be determined by the President on the basis of the value of imports of the articles concerned during the most recent representative period.
adaptation - adjustment of natural or human systems to a new or changing environment includes anticipatory and reactive adaptation, private and public adaptation, and autonomous and planned adaptation.
adaptation strategy - a land use and management strategy that can be used — (A) to increase the sequestration capabilities of covered greenhouse gases of any ecosystem; or

(B) to reduce the emissions of covered greenhouse gases from any ecosystem.

adaptive ecosystem management - a natural resource management process under which planning, implementation, monitoring, research, evaluation, and incorporation of new knowledge are combined into a management approach that — (i) is based on scientific findings and the needs of society;

(ii) treats management actions as experiments; (iii) acknowledges the complexity of these systems and scientific uncertainty; and (iv) uses the resulting new knowledge to modify future management methods and policy.

adaptive equipment - includes, but is not limited to, power steering, power brakes, power window lifts, power seats, and special equipment necessary to assist the eligible person into and out of the automobile or other conveyance. Also includes (A) air-conditioning equipment when such equipment is necessary to the health and safety of the veteran and to the safety of others, regardless of whether the automobile or other conveyance is to be operated by the eligible person or is to be operated for such person by another person; and (B) any modification of the size of the interior space of the automobile or other conveyance if needed because of the physical condition of such person in order for such person to enter or operate the vehicle.
Adaptive Planning and Execution system — A Department of Defense system of joint policies, processes, procedures, and reporting structures, supported by communications and information technology, that is used by the joint planning and execution community to monitor, plan, and execute mobilization, deployment, employment, sustainment, redeployment, and demobilization activities associated with joint operations. Also called APEX system.
adaptive risk - category of risk that includes threats intentionally caused by humans.
addict - any person who habitually uses any habit-forming narcotic drugs so as to endanger the public morals, health, safety, or welfare, or who is or has been so far addicted to the use of such habit- forming narcotic drugs as to have lost the power of self-control with reference to his addiction.
additional coverage - a plan of crop insurance coverage providing a level of coverage greater than the level available under catastrophic risk protection.
Additional Protocol - a protocol additional to a safeguards agreement with the IAEA, as negotiated between a country and the IAEA based on a Model Additional Protocol as set forth in IAEA information circular (INFCIRC).
additional renewable fuel - fuel that is produced from renewable biomass and that is used to replace or reduce the quantity of fossil fuel present in home heating oil or jet fuel.
address - a physical address or electronic address, such as an electronic mail address or temporarily assigned network address (including an Internet protocol address).
address designator - A plain language name (full or abbreviated), routing indicator, call sign, or address group of a unit, activity, or other authority used to indicate the originator and/ or addressee(s); used in ACP and JANAP format.
adequacy - The joint operation plan review criterion for assessing whether the scope and concept of planned operations can accomplish the assigned mission and comply with the planning guidance provided. See also acceptability; feasibility.
adequate evidence - information sufficient to support the reasonable belief that a particular act or omission has occurred.
adequate security - security protections commensurate with the risk resulting from the unauthorized access, use, disclosure, disruption, modification, or destruction of information. This includes ensuring that information hosted on behalf of an agency and information systems and applications used by the agency operate effectively and provide appropriate confidentiality, integrity, and availability protections through the application of cost-effective security controls.
adjudicate - To make a decision/ formal judgment on a matter under consideration. For purposes of this chapter, adjudicate refers to decisions made in relation to passport applications.
adjudication security - examination of an individual's character and conduct over a sufficient period of time designed to make a determination as to their suitability or fitness for employment, eligibility for access to classified information, special access programs (SAP), materials, or areas, or for their retention in federal employment and continued access to classified information and special access programs.
adjusted noninsured crop disaster assistance program yield – (A) in the case of an eligible producer on a farm that has at least 4 years of production history under the noninsured crop disaster assistance program that are not replacement yields, the noninsured crop disaster assistance program yield without regard to any replacement yields; (B) in the case of an eligible producer on a farm that has less than 4 years of production history under the noninsured crop disaster assistance program that are not replacement yields, the noninsured crop disaster assistance program yield as calculated without including the lowest of the replacement yields; and (C) in all other cases, the production history of the eligible producer on the farm under the noninsured crop disaster assistance program.
adjustment - A method to correct element(s) of information by reversing the incorrect data and replacing it with the correct data. Two entries are required (debit and credit).
administering office - the lowest subdivision of any Federal agency that has direct operational responsibility for managing a Federal domestic assistance program.
administration - As it relates to an estate, the management and settlement of the estate of an intestate, or of a testator who has no executor, performed by a duly qualified person generally under the supervision of a court. It usually involves collecting the decedents assets, paying the debts, and distributing the remainder of the estate.
administration - general administration and general expenses, departmental administration, sponsored projects administration, student administration and services, and all other types of expenditures not listed specifically under one of the subcategories of Facilities (including cross allocations from other pools).
administrative chain of command - One of the two branches of the chain of command described in Joint Publication 1, Doctrine for the Armed Forces of the United States, through which command is exercised from the President through the Secretary of Defense to the Secretaries of the Military Departments, and from which forces are assigned to combatant commands to compose the operational command structure baseline.
administrative command structure - The organizational hierarchy through which administrative leadership is exercised, as contrasted by the operational command structure through which operational authority is exercised.
administrative contracting officer - Contracting officer whose primary duties involve contract administration. Also called ACO. See also contracting officer; procuring contracting officer.
administrative control - Direction or exercise of authority over subordinate or other organizations in respect to administration and support. Also called ADCON.
administrative controls - Safeguards that ensure that contracting activities will be carried out in conformity with applicable regulations and Department policy.
administrative costs - The expenses associated with processing and handling a debt from the date of the delinquency.
administrative expenses - funds that are to be used by grantees for grant management and monitoring activities, including costs related to any staff or activity unrelated to services or indirect costs.
administrative inquiry - An inquiry by agency management to gather facts and information relating to an incident or allegation that may serve as grounds for disciplinary action, conducted by agency investigating officials.
administrative loading - A loading method that gives primary consideration to achieving maximum utilization of troop and cargo space without regard to tactical considerations. Also called commercial loading.
administrative property - Basic common-use furniture, furnishings, and equipment (including residence property) usually available through normal supply channels (e.g., desks, chairs, office machines, sofas, refrigerators, etc.). USAID uses the term OE-funded property. All U.S. Government-owned personal property is either administrative property or program property.
administrative records - Records relating to budget, personnel, supply, and similar housekeeping, or facilitative functions common to most offices, in contrast to program records.
administrative v. program records - Administrative records are records relating to the housekeeping or facilitative functions common to most offices, for example, budget, personnel, equipment, and supplies. Program records document the unique, substantive functions for which an office is responsible.
administrative withdrawal classified information - previously authorized access eligibility level downgraded or withdrawn, as appropriate, when regular access to a prescribed level of classified information is no longer required in the normal course of an individual's duties.
administrative workweek - period of 7 consecutive 24-hour periods.
administrator or administratrix - A person appointed by a court to administer the estate of a decedent. Such person, if named in the decedents will, is designated as executor or executrix.
admonishment - A warning or caution to an employee.
adopted child - a. a child (adopted child), if the child- (1) Was legally adopted while under the age of 16 (or under the age of 18, if this is the sibling of a child adopted under 16 who meets the requirements of INA; and (2) Has been in the legal custody of, and resided with, the adopting parent(s) for at least two years, provided that no natural parent of any such adopted child must thereafter, by virtue of such parentage, be accorded any right, privilege or status.
adoption - a judicial or administrative act that establishes a permanent legal parent-child relationship between a minor and an adult who is not already the legal parent, and which terminates any prior legal parent-child relationship with any former parents. Generally speaking, to qualify as an adoption for immigration purposes, the adopted child should have the same rights and privileges which are accorded to a birth child (such as inheritance rights, etc.). Simple, conditional, or limited adoptions, such as those conducted under Islamic Family Law in some countries, are more accurately described as guardianship and are not considered adoptions for U.S. immigration purposes.
adoption - the legal process by which an individual becomes the legal parent of another’s child.
adoption or adopted - legal adoption prior to the time of the injury.
adoption record - any record, information, or item related to a specific Convention adoption of a child received or maintained by an agency, person, or public domestic authority, including, but not limited to, photographs, videos, correspondence, personal effects, medical and social information, and any other information about the child. An adoption record does not include a record generated by an agency, person, or a public domestic authority to comply with the requirement to file information with the Adoption Tracking System on adoptions not subject to the Convention pursuant to the IAA.
Adoption Service Provider - an agency (private, nonprofit organization licensed to provide adoption services in at least one state) or a person (an individual or a private, for-profit entity, including a corporation, company, association, firm, partnership, society, or joint stock company, but not including public authorities, providing adoption services). The one provider responsible for ensuring all six adoption services are provided and being responsible for supervised providers where used is called the primary provider. Also called ASP.
adoption services - any one of the following six services - a. Identifying a child for adoption and arranging an adoption; b. Securing the necessary consent to termination of parental rights and to adoption; c. Performing a background study on a child or a home study on PAP(s) and reporting on such a study; d. Making non-judicial determinations of the best interests of a child and the appropriateness of an adoptive placement for the child; e. Monitoring a case after a child has been placed with prospective adoptive parent(s) until final adoption; or f. When necessary because of a disruption before final adoption, assuming custody and providing (including facilitating the provision of) child care or any other social service pending an alternative placement.
Adoptions Tracking System - the computer system developed by the Department to track the process of both incoming and outgoing adoption cases (i.e., orphan and Convention adoption cases of children both immigrating to, and emigrating from, the United States), support the functions of the Central Authority, and aggregate data for mandatory reporting to Congress. This system is sometimes referred to as the case registry. Also called ATS.
adult correctional institution - a facility in which persons (including persons under 21 years of age) are confined as a result of a conviction for a criminal offense.
adult education - academic instruction and education services below the postsecondary level that increase an individual's ability to—(A) read, write, and speak in English and perform mathematics or other activities necessary for the attainment of a secondary school diploma or its recognized equivalent; (B) transition to postsecondary education and training; and (C) obtain employment.
adult education and literacy activities – programs, activities, and services that include adult education, literacy, workplace adult education and literacy activities, family literacy activities, English language acquisition activities, integrated English literacy and civics education, workforce preparation activities, or integrated education and training.
adult member of the prospective adoptive parents' household - an individual, other than a prospective adoptive parent, over the age of 18 whose principal or only residence is the home of the prospective adoptive parents. This definition excludes any child of the prospective adoptive parents, whose principal or only residence is the home of the prospective adoptive parents, who reaches his or her eighteenth birthday after the prospective adoptive parents have filed the advanced processing application (or the advanced processing application concurrently with the orphan petition) unless the USCIS Director has an articulable and substantive reason for requiring an evaluation by a home study preparer and/ or fingerprint check.
adult with a special need - a person 18 years of age or older who requires care or supervision to — (A ) meet the person's basic needs;(B) prevent physical self-injury or injury to others; or (C) avoid placement in an institutional facility.
adulterated - if in reference to any pesticide any pesticide—(1) its strength or purity falls below the professed standard of quality as expressed on its labeling under which it is sold; (2) any substance has been substituted wholly or in part for the pesticide; or (3) any valuable constituent of the pesticide has been wholly or in part abstracted.
advance - a payment made by Treasury check or other appropriate payment mechanism to a recipient upon its request either before outlays are made by the recipient or through the use of predetermined payment schedules.
advance - A payment made by U.S. Treasury Department check or other appropriate payment mechanism to a recipient upon its request either before outlays are made by the recipient or through the use of predetermined payment schedules.
advance decision - A determination as to the propriety of a debt collection action requested from and rendered by an authorized official prior to the action being taken.
advance funding actuarial cost method or actuarial cost method - a recognized actuarial technique utilized for establishing the amount and incidence of the annual actuarial cost of pension plan benefits and expenses. Acceptable actuarial cost methods shall include the accrued benefit cost method (unit credit method), the entry age normal cost method, the individual level premium cost method, the aggregate cost method, the attained age normal cost method, and the frozen initial liability cost method. The terminal funding cost method and the current funding (pay-as-you-go) cost method are not acceptable actuarial cost methods. The Secretary of the Treasury shall issue regulations to further define acceptable actuarial cost methods.
advance guard - Detachment sent ahead of the main force to ensure its uninterrupted advance; to protect the main body against surprise; to facilitate the advance by removing obstacles and repairing roads and bridges; and to cover the deployment of the main body if it is committed to action.
advance incremental funding - a series of partial payments for the articles or services that includes —
advanced battery technology - electrochemical storage devices and systems, including fuel cells, and associated technology necessary to charge, discharge, recharge, or regenerate such devices, for use as a source of power for an electric motor vehicle and any other associated equipment.
advanced biofuel - fuel derived from renewable biomass other than corn kernel starch; (i) biofuel derived from cellulose, hemicellulose, or lignin; (ii) biofuel derived from sugar and starch (other than ethanol derived from corn kernel starch); (iii) biofuel derived from waste material, including crop residue, other vegetative waste material, animal waste, food waste, and yard waste; (iv) diesel- equivalent fuel derived from renewable biomass, including vegetable oil and animal fat; (v) biogas (including landfill gas and sewage waste treatment gas) produced through the conversion of organic matter from renewable biomass; (vi) butanol or other alcohols produced through the conversion of organic matter from renewable biomass; and (vii) other fuel derived from cellulosic biomass.
advanced biofuel - renewable fuel, other than ethanol derived from corn starch, that has lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions, as determined by the Administrator, after notice and opportunity for comment, that are at least 50 percent less than baseline lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions.
advanced conventional weapons- (A) such long-range precision-guided munitions, fuel air explosives, cruise missiles, low observability aircraft, other radar evading aircraft, advanced military aircraft, military satellites, electromagnetic weapons, and laser weapons as the President determines destabilize the military balance or enhance offensive capabilities in destabilizing ways; (B) such advanced command, control, and communications systems, electronic warfare systems, or intelligence collection systems as the President determines destabilize the military balance or enhance offensive capabilities in destabilizing ways; and (C) such other items or systems as the President may, by regulation, determine necessary for purposes of this title.
advanced conventional weapons- (A) such long-range precision-guided munitions, fuel air explosives, cruise missiles, low observability aircraft, other radar evading aircraft, advanced military aircraft, military satellites, electromagnetic weapons, and laser weapons as the President determines destabilize the military balance or enhance offensive capabilities in destabilizing ways; (B) such advanced command, control, and communications systems, electronic warfare systems, or intelligence collection systems as the President determines destabilize the military balance or enhance offensive capabilities in destabilizing ways; and (C) such other items or systems as the President may, by regulation, determine necessary for purposes of this title.
advanced degree - any U.S. academic or professional degree (or foreign equivalent degree) above that of baccalaureate.
advanced education - education or training above the secondary school level but does not include technical training provided to a member of the armed forces to qualify such member to perform a specified military function, to workshops, or to short-term training programs.
advanced education nurses - individuals trained in advanced degree programs including individuals in combined R.N./ Master's degree programs, post-nursing master's certificate programs, or, in the case of nurse midwives, in certificate programs in existence on the date that is one day prior to November 13, 1998, to serve as nurse practitioners, clinical nurse specialists, nurse midwives, nurse anesthetists, nurse educators, nurse administrators, or public health nurses, or in other nurse specialties determined by the Secretary to require advanced education.
advanced electric or hybrid vehicle - a vehicle which — (A) minimizes the total amount of energy to be consumed with respect to its fabrication, operation, and disposal, and represents a substantial improvement over existing electric and hybrid vehicles with respect to the total amount of energy so consumed; (B) is capable of being mass-produced and operated at a cost and in a manner which is sufficiently competitive to enable it to be produced and sold in numbers representing a reasonable portion of the market; (C) is safe, damage-resistant, easy to repair, durable, and operates with sufficient performance with respect to acceleration, cold-weather starting, cruising speed, and other performance factors; and (D) at a minimum, can be produced, distributed, operated, and disposed of in compliance with any applicable requirement of Federal law.
advanced force operations — Operations conducted to refine the location of specific, identified targets and further develop the operational environment for near-term missions. Also called AFO.
advanced imaging technology — (i) a device used in the screening of passengers that creates a visual image of an individual showing the surface of the skin and revealing other objects on the body; and (ii) may include devices using backscatter x-rays or millimeter waves and devices referred to as whole-body imaging technology or body scanning machines.
advanced manufacturing technology - numerically-controlled machine tools, robots, automated process control equipment, computerized flexible manufacturing systems, associated computer software, and other technology for improving manufacturing and industrial processes.
advanced manufacturing technology - processes, equipment, techniques, practices, and capabilities that are applied for the purpose of—

(A) improving the productivity, quality, or energy efficiency of the design, development, testing, or manufacture of a product; or (B) expanding the technical capability to design, develop, test, or manufacture a product that is fundamentally different in character from existing products and that will result in improved energy efficiency.

advanced materials - a field of research including the study of composites, ceramics, metals, polymers, superconducting materials, materials produced through biotechnology, and materials production technologies, including coated systems, that provide the potential for significant advantages over existing materials.
advanced materials - materials that are processed, synthesized, fabricated, and manufactured to develop high performance properties that exceed the corresponding properties of conventional materials for structural, electronic, magnetic, or photonic applications, or for joining, welding, bonding, or packaging components into complex assemblies, including — (A) advanced monolithic materials such as metals, ceramics, and polymers; (B) advanced composite materials such as metal matrix (including intermetallic), polymer matrix, ceramic matrix, continuous fiber ceramic composite, and carbon matrix composites; and (C) advanced electronic, magnetic, and photonic materials, including superconducting, semiconductor, electrooptic, magnetooptic, thin-film, and special purpose coating materials used in technologies for energy efficiency, renewable energy, or electric power applications.
advanced nuclear reactor technologies- (A) advanced light water reactors that may be commercially available in the near-term, including but not limited to mid-sized reactors with passive safety features for the generation of commercial electric power from nuclear fission; and

(B) other advanced nuclear reactor technologies that may require prototype demonstration prior to commercial availability in the mid- or long-term, including but not limited to high-temperature, gas- cooled reactors and liquid metal reactors, for the generation of commercial electric power from nuclear fission.

advanced readiness contracting - A type of contracting that ensures contracts are in place before an incident for commonly needed commodities and services such as ice, water, plastic sheeting, temporary power, and debris removal.
advanced shipbuilding technology- (A) numerically controlled machine tools, robots, automated process control equipment, computerized flexible manufacturing systems, associated computer software, and other technology for improving shipbuilding and related industrial production that advance the state-of-the-art; and (B) novel techniques and processes designed to improve shipbuilding quality, productivity, and practice, and to promote sustainable development, including engineering design, quality assurance, concurrent engineering, continuous process production technology, energy efficiency, waste minimization, design for recyclability or parts reuse, inventory management, upgraded worker skills, and communications with customers and suppliers.
advanced training - level of training designed to provide experienced personnel with refresher training, updated information, or higher level abilities may also address specialized skills required for a specific assignment, increased responsibilities, or career enhancement.
advanced training - the training and instruction offered in the Senior Reserve Officers' Training Corps to students enrolled in an advanced education program beyond the baccalaureate degree level or to students in the third and fourth years of a four-year Senior Reserve Officers' Training Corps course, or the equivalent period of training in an approved two-year Senior Reserve Officers' Training Corps course (except that, in the case of a student enrolled in an academic program which has been approved by the Secretary of the military department concerned and which requires more than four academic years for completion of baccalaureate degree requirements, including elective requirements of the Senior Reserve Officers' Training Corps course, such term includes a fifth academic year or a combination of a part of a fifth academic year and summer sessions).
advanced workplace practices – innovations in work organization and performance, including high- performance workplace systems, flexible production techniques, quality programs, continuous improvement, concurrent engineering, close relationships between suppliers and customers, widely diffused decision-making and work teams, and effective integration of production technology, worker skills and training, and workplace organization, and such other characteristics as determined appropriate by the Secretary of Labor, in consultation with the Secretary of Commerce.
advanced workplace technologies – (A) numerically controlled machine tools, robots, automated process control equipment, computerized flexible manufacturing systems, associated computer software, and other technology for improving the manufacturing and industrial production of goods and commercial services, which advance the state-of-the-art; or (B) novel industrial and commercial techniques and processes not previously generally available that improve quality, productivity, and practices, including engineering design, quality assurance, concurrent engineering, continuous process production technology, inventory management, upgraded worker skills, communications with customers and suppliers, and promotion of sustainable economic growth.
adversary - A party acknowledged as potentially hostile to a friendly party and against which the use of force may be envisaged.
adversary - person, group, organization, or government that conducts or has the intent to conduct detrimental activities.
adversary template - A model based on an adversary’s known or postulated preferred methods of operation illustrating the disposition and activity of adversary forces and assets conducting a particular operation unconstrained by the impact of the operational environment.
adverse decision - an administrative decision made by an officer, employee, or committee of an agency that is adverse to a participant. The term includes a denial of equitable relief by an agency or the failure of an agency to issue a decision or otherwise act on the request or right of the participant. The term does not include a decision over which the Board of Contract Appeals has jurisdiction.
adverse environmental effect - any significant and widespread adverse effect, which may reasonably be anticipated, to wildlife, aquatic life, or other natural resources, including adverse impacts on populations of endangered or threatened species or significant degradation of environmental quality over broad areas.
adverse event - occurrence or condition that caused harm may be due to acts of commission or omission.
adverse marking decision - a determination by the Customs Service which an exporter or producer of merchandise believes to be contrary to the North American Free Trade Agreement.
adversely affected employees - Federal civilian employees serving competitive or excepted service appointments in Tenure Groups I, II, or III, who are identified for release from their competitive level by an agency, as a direct result of a performance decision resulting from a streamlined or standard competition.
adversely affected employment - employment in a firm, if workers of such firm are eligible to apply for adjustment assistance under this part.
adversely affected incumbent worker - a worker who — (A) is a member of a group of workers who have been certified as eligible to apply for adjustment assistance under subpart A; (B) has not been totally or partially separated from adversely affected employment; and (C) the Secretary determines, on an individual basis, is threatened with total or partial separation.
adversely affected worker - an individual who, because of lack of work in adversely affected employment, has been totally or partially separated from such employment.
advice - Information transmitted to an agency by OMB stating the relationship of particular legislation and reports thereon to the program of the President or stating the views of OMB as a staff agency for the President with respect to such legislation and reports.
advisory message - message highlighting trends, developments, or situations that may threaten life and/ or property issued for information purposed only and not requiring formal action.
advisory and assistance services - those services provided under contract by nongovernmental sources to support or improve: organizational policy development; decision-making; management and administration; program and/ or project management and administration; or R&D activities. It can also mean the furnishing of professional advice or assistance rendered to improve the effectiveness of Federal management processes or procedures (including those of an engineering and technical nature). In rendering the foregoing services, outputs may take the form of information, advice, opinions, alternatives, analyses, evaluations, recommendations, training and the day-to-day aid of support personnel needed for the successful performance of ongoing Federal operations. All advisory and assistance services are classified in one of the following definitional subdivisions: (1) Management and professional support services, i.e., contractual services that provide assistance, advice or training for the efficient and effective management and operation of organizations, activities (including management and support services for R&D activities), or systems. These services are normally closely related to the basic responsibilities and mission of the agency originating the requirement for the acquisition of services by contract. Included are efforts that support or contribute to improved organization of program management, logistics management, project monitoring and reporting, data collection, budgeting, accounting, performance auditing, and administrative technical support for conferences and training programs. (2) Studies, analyses and evaluations, i.e., contracted services that provide organized, analytical assessments/ evaluations in support of policy development, decision-making, management, or administration. Included are studies in support of R&D activities. Also included are acquisitions of models, methodologies, and related software supporting studies, analyses or evaluations. (3) Engineering and technical services, i.e., contractual services used to support the program office during the acquisition cycle by providing such services as systems engineering and technical direction to ensure the effective operation and maintenance of a weapon system or major system or to provide direct support of a weapon system that is essential to research, development, production, operation or maintenance of the system.
advisory sensitivity attributes - User-supplied indicators of file sensitivity that alert other users to the sensitivity of a file, to handle it in a manner appropriate to its defined sensitivity. Advisory sensitivity attributes are not used by the automated information system (AIS) to enforce file access controls in an automated manner.
advocates - advises, recommends, furthers by overt act, and admits belief in.
Aegis - A ship-based combat system that can detect, track, target, and engage air, surface, and subsurface threats, including ballistic missiles on some modified ships.
aerial port - An airfield that has been designated for the sustained air movement of personnel and materiel as well as an authorized port for entrance into or departure from the country where located. See also port of debarkation; port of embarkation.
aeromedical evacuation — The movement of patients under medical supervision to and between medical treatment facilities by air transportation. Also called AE.
aeromedical evacuation control team — A core team assigned to a component-numbered air force air operations center air mobility division that provides operational planning, scheduling, and execution of theater aeromedical evacuation missions and positioning of aeromedical evacuation ground forces. Also called AECT. See also aeromedical evacuation; air mobility division.
aeromedical evacuation unit - An operational medical organization concerned primarily with the management and control of patients being transported via an aeromedical evacuation system or system echelon.
aeronautical chart - A specialized representation of mapped features of the Earth, or some part of it, produced to show selected terrain, cultural and hydrographic features, and supplemental information required for air navigation, pilotage, or for planning air operations.
aeronautics - the science and art of flight.
aerospace defense - 1. All defensive measures designed to destroy or nullify attacking enemy aircraft and missiles and also negate hostile space systems. 2. An inclusive term encompassing air defense, ballistic missile defense, and space defense. See also air defense; space defense.
affected employees - employees who may reasonably be expected to experience an employment loss as a consequence of a proposed plant closing or mass layoff by their employer,
affecting commerce - in commerce, or burdening or obstructing commerce or the free flow of commerce, or having led or tending to lead to a labor dispute burdening or obstructing commerce or the free flow of commerce.
affiant - A person who makes and signs an affidavit.
affidavit - A written declaration (1) confirmed by the oath or affirmation of the party making it, taken before an officer having authority to administer such oath or affirmation or (2) containing a declaration under penalty of perjury - An affidavit is most commonly used as a method of presenting a fact witnesses statement to a court - Unlike a deposition, an affidavit is taken without notice to the other party or parties.
affidavit - A written statement made voluntarily and confirmed either by (1) the oath or affirmation of the party making it, taken before an officer having the authority to administer such oaths, or (2) by conforming to the rules of a particular court for signing an affidavit without the use of a notary or equivalent.
affiliate - a person other than the owner that directly or indirectly controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with the owner.

share or proportion of each entity; or c. In the case of a partnership that is organized in the United States to provide accounting services, along with managerial and/ or consulting services, and markets its accounting services under an internationally recognized name under an agreement with a worldwide coordinating organization that is owned and controlled by the member accounting firms, a partnership (or similar organization) that is organized outside the United States to provide accounting services is considered to be an affiliate of the U.S. partnership if it markets its accounting services under the same internationally recognized name under the agreement with the worldwide coordinating organization of which the U.S. partnership is also a member.

affiliated - the relationship between a member of the Commission and — (A) an individual who holds the position of officer, trustee, partner, director, or employee of an agency, project, or person of which that member, or relative of that member of,1 the Commission is an officer, trustee, partner, director, or employee; or (B) a nongovernmental agency or project of which that member, or a relative of that member, of the Commission is an officer, trustee, partner, director, or employee.
affiliated persons – the following persons shall be considered to be affiliated or affiliated persons: (A ) Members of a family, including brothers and sisters (whether by the whole or half blood), spouse, ancestors, and lineal descendants. (B) Any officer or director of an organization and such organization. (C) Partners. (D) Employer and employee. (E) Any person directly or indirectly owning, controlling, or holding with power to vote, 5 percent or more of the outstanding voting stock or shares of any organization and such organization.(F) Two or more persons directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with, any person. (G) Any person who controls any other person and such other person. A person shall be considered to control another person if the person is legally or operationally in a position to exercise restraint or direction over the other person.
affiliates - associated business concerns or individuals if, directly or indirectly — (1) Either one controls or can control the other; or (2) A third party controls or can control both.
affiliation period - a period which, under the terms of the health insurance coverage offered by the health maintenance organization, must expire before the health insurance coverage becomes effective. The organization is not required to provide health care services or benefits during such period and no premium shall be charged to the participant or beneficiary for any coverage during the period.
affinity - A relationship that one spouse has to blood relatives of the other spouse because of marriage.
affirmation - A solemn and formal declaration that a statement, or series of statements, is true (for example, I, (Name), do solemnly affirm under penalty of perjury that the foregoing is true and correct.) - When an oath is required, an affirmation may be taken in its place by any person having conscientious scruples against taking an oath - As a general rule, an affirmation has the same legal force and effect as an oath.
affirmation - A solemn and formal declaration that an affidavit is true or that the witness will tell the truth; this declaration may usually be substituted for an oath in proceedings in U.S - courts.
affirmative procurement program - acquisition program assuring the purchase of environmentally preferable products and services in accordance with federally mandated “green” procurement preference programs to the maximum extent possible.
affixed - attached to a textile fiber product in any manner.
Affordable Care Act - Comprises two pieces of legislation—the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010)—that were signed into law in March 2010 and that aim to expand access to private and public health insurance while improving quality and lowering health care costs.
affordable readiness - optimal balance between operational effectiveness and dollar efficiency at a level that meets mission requirements
afloat pre-positioning force - Shipping maintained in full operational status to afloat pre-position military equipment and supplies in support of combatant commanders’ operation plans, consisting of the three maritime pre-positioning ships squadrons, the Army’s afloat pre-positioning stocks-3 ships, and the Defense Logistics Agency, and the Air Force ships. Also called APF. See also maritime pre-positioning ships.
afloat pre-positioning operations - Pre-positioning of ships, preloaded with equipment and supplies that provides for an alternative to land-based programs. See also operation.
after-action review - 1. A process that provides commanders with direct feedback regarding the accomplishment of selected joint mission-essential tasks, conditions, and standards, stated in terms of training objectives, for the evaluation of training proficiency. 2. An analytical assessment of training events that enables the training audience, through a facilitated professional discussion/
agency - Any executive department or independent commission, board, bureau, office, agency, Government-owned or controlled corporation, or other establishment of the Government, including any regulatory commission or board and also the municipal government of the District of Columbia.
agency - each authority of the Government of the United States, whether or not it is within or subject to review by another agency, but does not include — (A) the Congress; (B) the courts of the United States; (C) the governments of the territories or possessions of the United States; (D) the government of the District of Columbia; — (E) agencies composed of representatives of the parties or of Representatives of organizations of the parties to the disputes determined by them; (F) courts martial and military commissions; (G) military authority exercised in the field in time of war or in occupied territory.
Agency Financial Report - A report on the agency end of fiscal year financial position that includes, but is not limited to, financial statements, notes to the financial statements, and a report of the independent auditors. The report also includes a performance summary that, when combined with the Annual Performance Report, meets the requirements for submitting the consolidated Performance and Accountability Report. Also called AFR.
Agency Financial Report - An annual report submitted by the CFO to the Secretary and the Director of OMB in accordance with the Chief Financial Officer Act, the Government Performance and Results Act, the Government Management Reform Act, the Federal Managers Financial Integrity Act, the Improper Payments Information Act, and the Reports Consolidation Act. The report includes a number of elements, such as- (1) A description and analysis of the status of financial and performance information in the Department; (2) Annual financial statements and related audit reports; (3) The Departments annual program performance information; (4) The Federal Managers Financial Integrity Act (FMFIA); and statement of assurance by the Secretary; and (5) Other relevant Department reports and information. Also called AFR.
agency head- (A) in the case of the executive branch of Government or an agency of the legislative branch other than the House of Representatives or the Senate, the head of the respective agency; (B) in the case of the judicial branch of Government, the chief judge of the respective court; (C) in the case of the Senate, the President pro tempore, in consultation with the Majority Leader and Minority Leader of the Senate; and (D) in the case of the House of Representatives, the Speaker of the House, in consultation with the Majority Leader and Minority Leader of the House.
agency head or head of the agency - the Secretary, Attorney General, Administrator, Governor, Chairperson, or other chief official of an executive agency, unless otherwise indicated, including any deputy or assistant chief official of an executive agency.
agency information - information collected or maintained by or on behalf of an agency.
agency information system - an information system used or operated by an agency or by another entity on behalf of an agency.
agency of the United States – an executive department, independent establishment, or other agency or instrumentality of the United States, the District of Columbia, or a corporation in which all stock is beneficially owned by the Federal Government.
agency of the United States - any executive department, a military department, United States Code, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, the China Trade Act registrar, the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, the Federal Communications Commission, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, the Federal Maritime Commission, the Federal Power Commission, the Federal Trade Commission, the Surface Transportation Board, the National Labor Relations Board, the National Transportation Safety Board, the Railroad Retirement Board, an arbitration board, the Securities and Exchange Commission, or a board.
agency of the United States Government - any agency of the legislative branch and any court of the judicial branch as well as any agency of the executive branch.
agency of the United States Government – any agency, department, board, wholly or partly owned corporation, instrumentality, commission, or establishment of the United States Government.
agency or instrumentality of a foreign state - any entity — (1) which is a separate legal person, corporate or otherwise, and (2) which is an organ of a foreign state or political subdivision thereof, or a majority of whose shares or other ownership interest is owned by a foreign state or political subdivision thereof, and (3) which is neither a citizen of a State of the United States, nor created under the laws of any third country.
agency or operating agency - an organizational unit or sub-division within a governmental unit that is responsible for the performance or administration of awards or activities of the governmental unit.
agency parking - Vehicle parking spaces under the jurisdiction and/ or control of a Federal agency that are used for parking U.S. Government vehicles, other official vehicles, visitor vehicles, and employee vehicles.
agency performance - Performance of a commercial or inherently governmental activity with government personnel. Often referred to as “in-house performance.”
agency priority goal - Strategic objectives may include an Agency Priority Goal (APG). An APG is a near-term result or achievement that Department wants to accomplish within approximately 24 months. APGs are limited in number and reflect the top near-term performance improvement priorities of the Department. Strategic Plan 2014, Terms )
agency property management officer - An individual designated to serve as a focal point for property management with responsibility and authority to account for the effective acquisition, control, use, and disposal of property for that agency.
agency records management schedule - agency specific record schedule developed for all records not covered by the General Records Schedule from the National Archives and Records Administration schedules are submitted for NARA approval on an SF 115 and contains descriptions of record series or systems and disposition instructions for each; the instructions specify when the series is to be cut off, when eligible temporary records are to be destroyed or deleted, and when permanent records are to be transferred to National Archives and Records Administration.
Agency Representative - A person assigned by a primary, assisting, or cooperating Federal, State, tribal, or local government agency or private organization that has been delegated authority to make decisions affecting that agency’s or organization’s participation in incident management activities following appropriate consultation with the leadership of that agency.
agency source - A service provider staffed by government personnel.
Agency Strategic Plan - a plan that provides general and long-term goals that the agency aims to achieve, the actions the agency will take to realize those goals, the strategies planned, how the agency will deal with challenges and risks that may hinder achieving results, and the approaches it will use to monitor its progress.
agency tender - The agency management plan submitted in response to a solicitation for a standard competition. The agency tender includes an MEO, agency cost estimate, MEO quality control plan, MEO phase-in plan, and copies of any MEO subcontracts (with the private sector providers’ proprietary information redacted). The agency tender is prepared in accordance with Attachment B and the solicitation requirements.
agent - a nuclear, biological, chemical, or radiological substance that causes agricultural disease or the adulteration of products regulated by the Secretary of Agriculture under any provision of law.
agent — In intelligence usage, one who is authorized or instructed to obtain or to assist in obtaining information for intelligence or counterintelligence purposes.
aggravated felony - The term applies to federal and state offenses and violations of foreign law for which the imprisonment was completed within the previous 15 years. A conviction for an aggravated felony is not a ground of inadmissibility, but a previously-removed alien is permanently inadmissible for a visa if convicted of an aggravated felony.
aggravating - a health condition that existed on September 11, 2001, and that, as a result of exposure to airborne toxins, any other hazard, or any other adverse condition resulting from the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, requires medical treatment that is (or will be) in addition to, more frequent than, or of longer duration than the medical treatment that would have been required for such condition in the absence of such exposure.
aggregate - A grouping of several circuits into one path for long-haul transmission. Normally referred to by the assigned amount of bandwidth and connects a post to a relay facility.
aggregate lifetime limit - a dollar limitation on the total amount that may be paid with respect to such benefits under the plan or health insurance coverage with respect to an individual or other coverage unit. US Code 42, §300gg–26 )
aggregate lifetime limit - with respect to benefits under a group health plan or health insurance coverage, a dollar limitation on the total amount that may be paid with respect to such benefits under the plan or health insurance coverage with respect to an individual or other coverage unit.
aggrieved person - any person (A) whose telephone line was subject to the installation or use of a pen register or trap and trace device authorized by this subchapter; or (B) whose communication instrument or device was subject to the use of a pen register or trap and trace device authorized by this subchapter to capture incoming electronic or other communications impulses.
agile development - a development methodology that uses an iterative approach to deliver solutions incrementally through close collaboration and frequent reassessment.
aging and disability resource center - an entity administering a program established by the State, as part of the State's system of long-term care, to provide a coordinated system for providing — (A) comprehensive information on available public and private long-term care programs, options, and resources; (B) personal counseling to assist individuals in assessing their existing or anticipated long-term care needs, and developing and implementing a plan for long-term care designed to meet their specific needs and circumstances; and (C) consumer access to the range of publicly supported long-term care programs for which consumers may be eligible, by serving as a convenient point of entry for such programs.
aging research - research on the aging process and on the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, disorders, and complications related to aging, including menopause.
agreement vessel- (A) an eligible vessel or a qualified vessel that is subject to an agreement under this chapter; and (B) a barge or container that is part of the complement of a vessel described in subparagraph (A) if provided for in the agreement.
agricultural biosecurity - protection from an agent that poses a threat to — (A) plant or animal health; vicinity of an area associated with an agricultural disease or outbreak.
agricultural commodities - agricultural commodities and livestock.
agricultural commodity- (A) an agricultural commodity; and

(B) any regional or market classification, type, or grade of an agricultural commodity. (A) any agricultural commodity (including livestock) in its raw or natural state;(B) any class of goods within an agricultural commodity; and(C) in the case of an agricultural commodity producer described in paragraph (2)(B), wild-caught aquatic species.

agricultural commodity - any agricultural commodity or the products thereof produced in the United States, including wood and processed wood products, fish, and livestock as well as value-added, fortified, or high-value agricultural products. Effective beginning on October 1, 1991, for purposes of subchapter III, a product of an agricultural commodity shall not be considered to be produced in the United States if it contains any ingredient that is not produced in the United States, if that ingredient is produced and is commercially available in the United States at fair and reasonable prices.
agricultural countermeasure — (A) a product, practice, or technology that is intended to enhance or maintain the agricultural biosecurity of the United States; and (B) does not include a product, practice, or technology used solely in response to a human medical incident or public health emergency not related to agriculture.
agricultural disease emergency - an incident of agricultural disease that requires prompt action to prevent significant damage to people, plants, or animals.
agricultural employer - any person who owns or operates a farm, ranch, processing establishment, cannery, gin, packing shed or nursery, or who produces or conditions seed, and who either recruits, solicits, hires, employs, furnishes, or transports any migrant or seasonal agricultural worker.
agricultural land - any land located in one or more States and used for agricultural, forestry, or timber production purposes as determined by the Secretary under regulations to be prescribed by the Secretary.
agricultural operation - all eligible land, whether or not contiguous, that is — (A) under the effective control of a producer at the time the producer enters into a contract under the program; and

(B) operated with equipment, labor, management, and production or cultivation practices that are substantially separate from other agricultural operations, as determined by the Secretary.

agricultural product - an agricultural commodity, as determined by the Secretary of Agriculture, including a processed product of an agricultural commodity.
agricultural research facility - a proposed facility for research in food and agricultural sciences for which Federal funds are requested by a college, university, or nonprofit institution to assist in the construction, alteration, acquisition, modernization, renovation, or remodeling of the facility. §390. )
agricultural structure - any structure used exclusively in connection with the production, harvesting, storage, raising, or drying of agricultural commodities.
agriculture – the science and practice of activity related to food, feed, and fiber production, processing, marketing, distribution, utilization, and trade, and also includes family and consumer sciences, nutrition, food science and engineering, agricultural economics and other social sciences, forestry, wildlife, fisheries, aquaculture, floraculture, veterinary medicine, and other environmental and natural resources sciences.
agroterrorist act - an act that — (A) causes or attempts to cause — (i) damage to agriculture; or (ii ) injury to a person associated with agriculture; and (B) is committed or appears to be committed with the intent to — (i) intimidate or coerce a civilian population; or (ii) disrupt the agricultural industry in order to influence the policy of a government by intimidation or coercion.
aimpoint - 1. A point associated with a target and assigned for a specific weapon impact. 2. A prominent radar-significant feature used to assist an aircrew in navigating and delivering their weapons. See also desired point of impact.
air and missile defense - Direct active and passive] defensive actions taken to destroy, nullify, or reduce the effectiveness of hostile air and ballistic missile threats against friendly forces and assets. Also called AMD.
air apportionment - The determination and assignment of the total expected effort by percentage and/ or by priority that should be devoted to the various air operations for a given period of time.
air assault — The movement of friendly assault forces by rotary-wing aircraft to engage and destroy enemy forces or to seize and hold key terrain. See also assault.
air assault force - A force composed primarily of ground and rotary-wing air units organized, equipped, and trained for air assault operations.
air assault operation - An operation in which assault forces, using the mobility of rotary-wing assets and the total integration of available firepower, maneuver under the control of a ground or air maneuver commander to engage enemy forces or to seize and hold key terrain.
air carrier - a citizen of the United States undertaking by any means, directly or indirectly, to provide air transportation.
air commerce - foreign air commerce, interstate air commerce, the transportation of mail by aircraft, the operation of aircraft within the limits of a Federal airway, or the operation of aircraft that directly affects, or may endanger safety in, foreign or interstate air commerce.
air conditioning - The process of cooling air either through evaporation of water (evaporative cooling) or refrigeration (mechanical or absorption), and the distribution of such air.
air corridor — A restricted air route of travel specified for use by friendly aircraft and established for the purpose of preventing friendly aircraft from being fired on by friendly forces.Dictionary, JP 3‐52 )
air defense - Defensive measures designed to destroy attacking enemy aircraft or missiles in the atmosphere, or to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of such attack. Also called AD. See also active air defense; aerospace defense; passive air defense.
air defense area - 1. overseas — A specifically defined airspace for which air defense must be planned and provided. 2. United States — Airspace of defined dimensions designated by the appropriate agency within which the ready control of airborne vehicles is required in the interest of national security during an air defense emergency.
air defense artillery — Weapons and equipment for actively combating air targets from the ground. Also called ADA.
air defense identification zone - Airspace of defined dimensions within which the ready identification, location, and control of airborne vehicles are required. Also called ADIZ.
air defense region - A geographical subdivision of an air defense area.
air defense sector - A geographical subdivision of an air defense region.
air defense warning condition - An air defense warning given in the form of a color code corresponding to the degree of air raid probability with yellow standing for when an attack by hostile aircraft or missiles is probable; red for when an attack by hostile aircraft or missiles is imminent or is in progress; and white for when an attack by hostile aircraft or missiles is improbable. Also called ADWC.
air domain - sphere of knowledge, influence and activity concerning areas and things of global airspace includes domestic, international, and foreign airspace, as well as all manned and unmanned aircraft operating, and people and cargo present in that airspace, and all aviation-related infrastructures.
air domain - The atmosphere, beginning at the Earth’s surface, extending to the altitude where its effects upon operations become negligible.
air domain awareness - effective understanding of information, threats, and anything associated with the air domain that could impact the security, safety, or economy of the United States.
air dropped bomb - explosive article dropped from an aircraft.
air expeditionary task force - A deployed numbered air force or command echelon immediately subordinate to a numbered air force provided as the United States Air Force component command committed to a joint operation. Also called AETF.
Air Force special operations air component - The Air Force component of a joint special operations force, normally composed of a special operations wing, special operations group, or squadron, and element of an Air Force special tactics personnel. Also called AFSOAC.
Air Force special operations air detachment - A squadron-size headquarters that could be a composite organization composed of different Air Force special operations assets, normally subordinate to an Air Force special operations air component, joint special operations air component, joint special operations task force, or a joint task force. Also called AFSOAD.
Air Force special operations forces - Those Active and Reserve Component Air Force forces designated by the Secretary of Defense that are specifically organized, trained, and equipped to conduct and support special operations. Also called AFSOF.
air gateway - The point at which an air shipment enters the United States.
air interdiction - Air operations conducted to divert, disrupt, delay, or destroy the enemy’s military surface capabilities before it can be brought to bear effectively against friendly forces, or to otherwise achieve objectives that are conducted at such distances from friendly forces that detailed integration of each air mission with the fire and movement of friendly forces is not required.
air interdiction - Air operations conducted to divert, disrupt, delay, or destroy the enemy’s military surface capabilities before it can be brought to bear effectively against friendly forces, or to otherwise achieve objectives that are conducted at such distances from friendly forces that detailed integration of each air mission with the fire and movement of friendly forces is not required. Also called AI.
air land operation - An operation involving movement by air with a designated destination for further ground deployment of units and personnel and/ or further ground distribution of supplies. See also airland.
air liaison officer - The senior tactical air control party member attached to a ground unit who functions as the primary advisor to the ground commander on air power. Also called ALO. See also liaison.
air mobility — The rapid movement of personnel, materiel and forces to and from or within a theater by air. See also air refueling.
Air Mobility Command - The Air Force component command of the United States Transportation Command. Also called AMC.
air mobility control team - A core team within the joint air operations center that directs or redirects air mobility forces in response to requirements changes, higher priorities, or immediate execution requirements. Also called AMCT. See also air operations center; air mobility; air mobility division.
air mobility division — Located in the joint air operations center to plan, coordinate, task, and execute the air mobility mission consisting of the air mobility control team, airlift control team, air refueling control team, and aeromedical evacuation control team. Also called AMD. See also air mobility; joint air operations center.
air mobility liaison officer - A rated United States Air Force mobility air forces officer selected, trained, and equipped to assess, train, advise, and assist with mobility air forces and ground force integration for air movement and sustainment. Also called AMLO.
air movement - Air transport of units, personnel, supplies, and equipment including airdrops and air landings. See also airdrop; airland.
Air National Guard - that part of the organized militia of the several States and Territories, Puerto Rico, and the District of Columbia, active and inactive, that — (A) is an air force; (B) is trained, and has its officers appointed, under the Constitution; (C) is organized, armed, and equipped wholly or partly at Federal expense; and (D) is federally recognized.
Air National Guard - that part of the organized militia of the several States and Territories, Puerto Rico, and the District of Columbia, active and inactive, that—(A) is an air force;(B) is trained, and has its officers appointed, under the Constitution;(C) is organized, armed, and equipped wholly or partly at Federal expense; and (D) is federally recognized. 32, §101 )
Air National Guard of the United States - the reserve component of the Air Force all of whose members are members of the Air National Guard.
Air National Guard of the United States - the reserve component of the Air Force all of whose members are members of the Air National Guard.
air navigation facility - a facility used, available for use, or designed for use, in aid of air navigation, including — (A) a landing area; (B) runway lighting and airport surface visual and other navigation aids; (C) apparatus, equipment, software, or service for distributing aeronautical and meteorological information to air traffic control facilities or aircraft; (D) communication, navigation, or surveillance equipment for air-to-ground or air-to-air applications; (E) any structure, equipment, or mechanism for guiding or controlling flight in the air or the landing and takeoff of aircraft; and (F) buildings, equipment, and systems dedicated to the national airspace system.
air operations center - The senior agency of the Air Force component commander that provides command and control of Air Force air and space operations and coordinates with other components and Services. Also called AOC. air pollutant - any air pollution agent or combination of such agents, including any physical, chemical, biological, radioactive (including source material, special nuclear material, and byproduct material) substance or matter which is emitted into or otherwise enters the ambient air. Such term includes any precursors to the formation of any air pollutant, to the extent the Administrator has identified such precursor or precursors for the particular purpose for which the term air pollutant is used.
air pollutant - chemical, particulate, biological, or radioactive material emitted into or otherwise enters the ambient air that cause discomfort, disease, or death to humans, damage to other living organisms such as food crops, or damage to the natural or built environment can be in the form of solid particles, liquid droplets, or gases.
air pollution control agency- (1) A single State agency designated by the Governor of that State as the official State air pollution control agency for purposes of this chapter. (2) An agency established by two or more States and having substantial powers or duties pertaining to the prevention and control of air pollution. (3) A city, county, or other local government health authority, or, in the case of any city, county, or other local government in which there is an agency other than the health authority charged with responsibility for enforcing ordinances or laws relating to the prevention and control of air pollution, such other agency. (4) An agency of two or more municipalities located in the same State or in different States and having substantial powers or duties pertaining to the prevention and control of air pollution. (5) An agency of an Indian tribe.
air pollution source man-made - stationary - fixed, non-moving producer of air pollution, such as power plants and other facilities example of a pollutant source include industrial combustion processes, paint spray booths, fuel storage tanks, and solvent cleaning facilities (to name a few).
air quality - degree to which ambient air is pollution reassessed by measuring a number of indicators of pollution.
air refueling - The refueling of an aircraft in flight by another aircraft. Also called AR.
air refueling control team - A core team within the joint air operations center that coordinates aerial refueling to support combat air operations or to support a strategic airbridge. Also called ARCT. See also air operations center; air mobility division; air refueling.
air route - The navigable airspace between two points, identified to the extent necessary for the application of flight rules.
air sovereignty - A nation’s inherent right to exercise absolute control and authority over the airspace above its territory.
air superiority - That degree of dominance in the air battle by one force that permits the conduct of its operations at a given time and place without prohibitive interference from air and missile threats.
air support coordination section - In amphibious operations, the section of the Navy tactical air control center designated to coordinate, control, and integrate all direct support aircraft and assault support operations. Also called ASCS.
air support operations center - The principal air control agency of the theater air control system responsible for the direction and control of air operations directly supporting the ground combat element. Also called ASOC. See also close air support; operation; tactical air control center.
air support request - A means to request preplanned and immediate close air support, air interdiction, air reconnaissance, surveillance, escort, helicopter airlift, and other aircraft missions. Also called AIRSUPREQ.
air supremacy - That degree of air superiority wherein the opposing force is incapable of effective interference within the operational area using air and missile threats.
air tasking order - A method used to task and disseminate to components, subordinate units, and command and control agencies projected sorties, capabilities and/ or forces to targets and specific missions. Also called ATO.
air terminal - A facility on an airfield that functions as an air transportation hub and accommodates the loading and unloading of airlift aircraft and the intransit processing of traffic.
air traffic control section - In amphibious operations, the section of the Navy tactical air control center designed to provide initial safe passage, radar control, and surveillance for close air support aircraft in the operational area. Also called ATCS.
air traffic control system - the combination of elements used to safely and efficiently monitor, direct, control, and guide aircraft in the United States and United States-assigned airspace, including — (A) allocated electromagnetic spectrum and physical, real, personal, and intellectual property assets making up facilities, equipment, and systems employed to detect, track, and guide aircraft movement; (B) laws, regulations, orders, directives, agreements, and licenses; (C) published procedures that explain required actions, activities, and techniques used to ensure adequate aircraft separation; and (D) trained personnel with specific technical capabilities to satisfy the operational, engineering, management, and planning requirements for air traffic control.
air transportation - foreign air transportation, interstate air transportation, or the transportation of mail by aircraft.
airborne - 1. In relation to personnel, troops especially trained to effect, following transport by air, an assault debarkation, either by parachuting or touchdown. 2. In relation to equipment, pieces of equipment that have been especially designed for use by airborne troops during or after an assault debarkation as well as some aeronautical equipment used to accomplish a particular mission. 3. When applied to materiel, items that form an integral part of the aircraft. 4. The state of an aircraft, from the instant it becomes entirely sustained by air until it ceases to be so sustained.
airborne alert — A state of aircraft readiness wherein combat-equipped aircraft are airborne and ready for immediate action to reduce reaction time and to increase survivability. See also combat air patrol; ground alert.
airborne assault - The use of airborne forces to parachute into an objective area to attack and eliminate armed resistance and secure designated objectives.
airborne early warning - The detection of enemy air or surface units by radar or other equipment carried in an airborne vehicle, and the transmitting of a warning to friendly units. Also called AEW.
air-borne improvised explosive device - improvised explosive device (IED) held aloft by aerodynamic means or buoyancy and/ or serves as concealment means for explosives with an initiating device.
airborne mission coordinator — The designated individual that serves as an airborne extension of the component commander or supported commander responsible for the personnel recovery mission. Also called AMC. See also combat search and rescue; personnel recovery coordination cell.
airborne operation - An operation involving the air movement into an objective area of combat forces and their logistic support for execution of a tactical, operational, or strategic mission. See also assault; assault phase.
air-breathing missile - A missile with an engine requiring the intake of air for combustion of its fuel, as in a ramjet or turbojet.
air-capable ship - A ship other than an aircraft carrier, nuclear; amphibious assault ship (general purpose); or amphibious assault ship (multipurpose) from which aircraft can take off, be recovered, or routinely receive and transfer logistic support. Also called ACS.
aircard - high speed wireless broadband card that gives users mobile access to systems and networks on laptops using an approved cellular data service.
aircraft - a civil, military, or public contrivance invented, used, or designed to navigate, fly, or travel in the air.

aircraft - any contrivance invented, used, or designed to navigate, or fly in, the air.
aircraft accident - any aviation disaster regardless of its cause or suspected cause, that occurs within the United States.
aircraft carrier - A warship designed to support and operate aircraft, engage in attacks on targets afloat or ashore, and engage in sustained operations in support of other forces. Also called CV or CVN.
aircraft engine - an engine used, or intended to be used, to propel an aircraft, including a part, appurtenance, and accessory of the engine, except a propeller.
aircraft in flight - an aircraft from the moment all external doors are closed following boarding — (A ) through the moment when one external door is opened to allow passengers to leave the aircraft; or (B) until, if a forced landing, competent authorities take over responsibility for the aircraft and individuals and property on the aircraft.
aircraft purchase - the purchase of commercial transport aircraft, including spare parts normally associated with the aircraft. §41762. )
airdrop — The unloading of personnel or materiel from aircraft in flight. See also air movement; free drop; free fall; high velocity drop; low velocity drop.
airfield - An area prepared for the accommodation (including any buildings, installations, and equipment), landing, and takeoff of aircraft. See also departure airfield; landing area; landing site.
airhead - 1. A designated area in a hostile or potentially hostile operational area that, when seized and held, ensures the continuous air landing of troops and materiel and provides the maneuver space necessary for projected operations. Also called a lodgment area. 2. A designated location in an operational area used as a base for supply and evacuation by air. See also beachhead.
airhead line - A line denoting the limits of the objective area for an airborne assault. See also airhead; assault phase; objective area.
airland - Move by air and disembark, or unload, after the aircraft has landed or while an aircraft is hovering. See also air movement.
airlift capability - The total capacity expressed in terms of number of passengers and/ or weight/ cubic displacement of cargo that can be carried at any one time to a given destination by available airlift. See also airlift requirement.
airlift control team - A core team within the joint air operations center with intratheater airlift functional expertise to plan, coordinate, manage, and execute intratheater airlift operations in support of the joint force air component commander. Also called ALCT. See also air operations center; air mobility division; intratheater airlift.
airlift mission commander - A commander designated when airlift aircraft are participating in airlift operations specified in the implementing directive. See also joint force air component commander.
airlift requirement - The total number of passengers and/ or weight/ cubic displacement of cargo required to be carried by air for a specific task. See alsoairlift capability.
airman - an individual — (A) in command, or as pilot, mechanic, or member of the crew, who navigates aircraft when under way; (B) except to the extent the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration may provide otherwise for individuals employed outside the United States, who is directly in charge of inspecting, maintaining, overhauling, or repairing aircraft, aircraft engines, propellers, or appliances; or (C) who serves as an aircraft dispatcher or air traffic control-tower operator.
airport - a landing area used regularly by aircraft for receiving or discharging passengers or cargo.
airport - defined geographic area intended to be used either wholly or in part for the arrival, departure, and surface movement of aircraft includes all buildings, installations, equipment, and infrastructures.
airport capacity enhancement project — (A) a project for construction or extension of a runway, including any land acquisition, taxiway, or safety area associated with the runway or runway extension; and (B) such other airport development projects as the Secretary may designate as facilitating a reduction in air traffic congestion and delays.
airport property - an interest in property used or useful in operating and maintaining an airport.
airspace control - Capabilities and procedures used to increase operational effectiveness by promoting the safe, efficient, and flexible use of airspace.
airspace control area - Airspace that is laterally defined by the boundaries of the operational area, and may be subdivided into airspace control sectors.
airspace control authority - The commander designated to assume overall responsibility for the operation of the airspace control system in the airspace control area. Also called ACA. See also airspace control; airspace control area; airspace control system; control; operation.
airspace control order - An order implementing the airspace control plan that provides the details of the approved requests for airspace coordinating measures. Also called ACO.
airspace control plan - The document approved by the joint force commander that provides specific planning guidance and procedures for the airspace control system for the joint force operational area. Also called ACP. See also airspace control system; joint force commander.
airspace control procedures - Rules, mechanisms, and directions that facilitate the control and use of airspace of specified dimensions. See also airspace control authority; airspace control order; airspace control plan.
airspace control system - An arrangement of those organizations, personnel, policies, procedures, and facilities required to perform airspace control functions. Also called ACS.
airspace coordinating measures - Measures employed to facilitate the efficient use of airspace to accomplish missions and simultaneously provide safeguards for friendly forces. Also called ACMs. See also airspace control area; airspace coordination area; high-density airspace control zone; weapons engagement zone.
airspace coordination area - A three-dimensional block of airspace in a target area, established by the appropriate commander, in which friendly aircraft are reasonably safe from friendly surface fires. Also called ACA.
airspace management - The coordination, integration, and regulation of the use of airspace of defined dimensions.
airway property - an interest in property used or useful in operating and maintaining a ground installation, facility, or equipment desirable for the orderly and safe operation of air traffic, including air navigation, air traffic control, airway communication, and meteorological facilities.
alcohol - alcohol (including methanol and ethanol) which is produced from biomass and which is suitable for use by itself or in combination with other substances as a fuel or as a substitute for petroleum or petrochemical feedstocks.
alcohol beverage industry - the brewers, vintners, distillers, importers, distributors, and retail or online outlets that sell or serve beer, wine, and distilled spirits.
alcohol concentration - grams of alcohol per 100 milliliters of blood or grams of alcohol per 210 liters of breath.
alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorders - minor intellectual deficits and developmental delays to mental retardation. ARND children may have behavioral problems, learning disabilities, problems with executive functioning, and attention disorders. The neurological defects of ARND may be as severe as FAS, but facial anomalies and other physical characteristics are not present in ARND, thus making diagnosis difficult.
alert order - 1. A crisis action planning directive from the Secretary of Defense, issued by the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, that provides essential guidance for planning and directs the initiation of execution planning for the selected course of action authorized by the Secretary of Defense. 2. A planning directive that provides essential planning guidance, directs the initiation of execution planning after the directing authority approves a military course of action, but does not authorize execution. Also called ALERTORD. See also course of action; execution planning.
alien - any person not a citizen or national of the United States.
alien - any person who is not a citizen or national of the United States.
alien - person not a citizen or national of the United States.
alien entrepreneur - an alien who obtains the status of an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence.
alien removed - confirmed movement of an inadmissible or deportable alien out of the United States based on the compulsory execution of the alien’s order of removal includes “self-deportation” or “self-execution” of the same order.
alien returned - confirmed movement of a potentially inadmissible or deportable alien out of the United States not based on an order of removal, but through either voluntary departure or voluntary return voluntary departure may occur from anywhere in the United States including a border, port of entry, immigration court, or detention facility, and be facilitated by CBP or ICE; voluntary return may only take place at a border, and be facilitated by CBP.
alien son or daughter - an alien who obtains the status of an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence (whether on a conditional basis or otherwise) by virtue of being the son or daughter of an individual through a qualifying marriage.
alien spouse and alien child - an alien who obtains the status of an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence (whether on a conditional basis or otherwise) by virtue of being the spouse or child, respectively, of an alien entrepreneur.
alimony - periodic payments of funds for the support and maintenance of the spouse (or former spouse ) of the individual, and (subject to and in accordance with State law) includes separate maintenance, alimony pendent lite, maintenance, and spousal support, and includes attorney's fees, interest, and court costs when and to the extent that the same are expressly made recoverable as such pursuant to a decree, order, or judgment issued in accordance with applicable State law by a court of competent jurisdiction.
all crimes - approach that incorporates terrorism and other high-risk threats into the existing crime- fighting framework to ensure that possible precursor crimes are screened and analyzed for linkages to larger-scale terrorist or other crimes recognizes that there is a nexus between types of criminal activity (for example; illegal drug operations, gangs, money laundering, fraud, identity theft, and terrorism).
all hazards - a threat or an incident, natural or manmade, that warrants action to protect life, property, the environment, and public health or safety, and too. minimize disruptions of government, social, or economic activities. It includes natural disasters, cyber incidents, industrial accidents, pandemics, acts of terrorism, sabotage, and destructive criminal activity targeting critical infrastructure. Critical Infrastructure Security and Resilience, Terms )
all hazards - grouping classification encompassing all conditions, environmental or man-made, that have the potential to cause injury, illness, or death; damage to or loss of equipment, infrastructure services, or property; or alternately causing functional degradation to societal, economic or environmental aspects.
all-cargo air transportation - the transportation by aircraft in interstate air transportation of only property or only mail, or both.
all-hazards - Describing an incident, natural or manmade, that warrants action to protect life, property, environment, and public health or safety, and to minimize disruptions of government, social, or economic activities.
all-hazards approach - An approach for prevention, protection, preparedness, response, and recovery that addresses a full range of threats and hazards, including domestic terrorist attacks, natural and manmade disasters, accidental disruptions, and other emergencies.
all-hazards approach - of threats and hazards, including domestic terrorist attacks, natural and human- caused] disasters, accidental disruptions, and other emergencies.
alliance - The relationship that results from a formal agreement between two or more nations for broad, long-term objectives that further the common interests of the members. See also coalition; multinational.
Allied Communications Publication - One of several publications that regulate the use of allied government transmission facilities. ACPs are identified by a numerical suffix, for example - ACP- 127, ACP-131. Also called ACP.
allied country- (A) a country that is a member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization;(B) Australia, New Zealand, Japan, or the Republic of Korea; or(C) any other country designated as an allied country for purposes of this section by the Secretary of Defense with the concurrence of the Secretary of State.
allied health professional - an allied health professional who (A) has graduated and received an allied health professions degree or certificate from an institution of higher education; and (B) is employed with a Federal, State, local or tribal public health agency, or in a setting where patients might require health care services, including acute care facilities, ambulatory care facilities, personal residences and other settings located in health professional shortage areas, medically underserved areas, or medically underserved populations, as recognized by the Secretary of Health and Human Services.
allied health professionals - a health professional (other than a registered nurse or physician assistant — management services; and (C) who has not received a degree of doctor of medicine, a degree of doctor of osteopathy, a degree of doctor of dentistry or an equivalent degree, a degree of doctor of veterinary medicine or an equivalent degree, a degree of doctor of optometry or an equivalent degree, a degree of doctor of podiatric medicine or an equivalent degree, a degree of bachelor of science in pharmacy or an equivalent degree, a degree of doctor of pharmacy or an equivalent degree, a graduate degree in public health or an equivalent degree, a degree of doctor of chiropractic or an equivalent degree, a graduate degree in health administration or an equivalent degree, a doctoral degree in clinical psychology or an equivalent degree, or a degree in social work or an equivalent degree or a degree in counseling or an equivalent degree.
allied international organization - the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) or any other international organization designated as an allied international organization for the purposes of this section by the Secretary of Defense with the concurrence of the Secretary of State.
allied supplier - a supplier of passenger motor vehicle equipment that is wholly owned by the manufacturer, or if a joint venture vehicle assembly arrangement, a supplier that is wholly owned by one member of the joint venture arrangement.
allies - any nation with which the United States is engaged in a common military effort or with which the United States has entered into a common defensive military alliance.
allies - any nation with which the United States is engaged in a common military effort or with which the United States has entered into a common defensive military alliance.
allocate - to assign an item of cost, or a group of items of cost, to one or more cost objectives. This term includes both direct assignment of cost and the reassignment of a share from an indirect cost pool.
allocate - to assign an item of cost, or a group of items of cost, to one or more cost objectives. This term includes both direct assignment of cost and the reassignment of a share from an indirect cost pool.
allocated central services - central services that benefit operating agencies but are not billed to the agencies on a fee-for-service or similar basis. These costs are allocated to benefitted agencies on some reasonable basis. Examples of such services might include general accounting, personnel administration, purchasing, etc.
allocated requirement - requirement that is established by dividing or otherwise allocating a high-level requirement into multiple lower-level requirements.
allocation - subdivision of obligational authority below the apportionment, allotment, or sub-allotment level within a federal entity may involve a transfer of funds from an agency, bureau, or account to fund a specific purpose.
allocation —Distribution of limited forces and resources for employment among competing requirements. See also apportionment.
allotment - Once apportionment authority is received by the Department, it is made available through allotments issued by BP to the respective bureaus. Allotment Authorities are issued at the highest aggregate funding level to major bureaus (e.g., geographic regional bureaus, Bureau of Administration, Bureau of Diplomatic Security) anticipating the resources will be divided further among posts or multiple activities or programs. The subdivision of funds is accomplished by a bureau issuing advices of allotment to posts or activities/ programs. BP itself also issues Advices of Allotment to smaller domestic bureaus that do not have an obvious need to subdivide the resources. Nevertheless, Advices of Allotment may in turn be further subdivided into Operating Allowances issued to constituent posts/ programs. Both Allotment Authorities and Advices of Allotment conform to apportioned distributions and provide bureaus funds to conduct activities and make obligations not to exceed the values stated. Allotted amounts represent decisions made by the Under Secretary for Management or other designated senior Department officials in approving financial operating plans.
allotment management plan - a document prepared in consultation with the lessees or permittees involved, which applies to livestock operations on the public lands or on lands within National Forests in the eleven contiguous Western States and which: (1) prescribes the manner in, and extent to, which livestock operations will be conducted in order to meet the multiple-use, sustained-yield, economic and other needs and objectives as determined for the lands by the Secretary concerned; and (2) describes the type, location, ownership, and general specifications for the range improvements to be installed and maintained on the lands to meet the livestock grazing and other objectives of land management; and (3) contains such other provisions relating to livestock grazing and other objectives found by the Secretary concerned to be consistent with the provisions of this Act and other applicable law.
allotment of pay - An authorization by an employee for a recurring payroll deduction from salary or wages, for a specified dollar amount, to be paid to a designated person or organization, or credited to a financial institution designated by the employee.
allow - the government of the country knows or has reason to know that the territory of the country is being used for such diversion.
allowable cabin load - The maximum payload that can be carried on an individual sortie. Also called ACL.
allowance - An allowance refers to money or equivalent value, furnished or made available, in addition to prescribed rates of pay, to cover such items as housing expenses, educational expenses, or travel.
all-source intelligence - 1. Intelligence products and/ or organizations and activities that incorporate all sources of information in the production of finished intelligence. 2. In intelligence collection, a phrase that indicates that in the satisfaction of intelligence requirements, all collection, processing, exploitation, and reporting systems and resources are identified for possible use and those most capable are tasked.
alluvial valley floors - the unconsolidated stream laid deposits holding streams where water availability is sufficient for subirrigation or flood irrigation agricultural activities but does not include upland areas which are generally overlain by a thin veneer of colluvial deposits composed chiefly of debris from sheet erosion, deposits by unconcentrated runoff or slope wash, together with talus, other mass movement accumulation and windblown deposits.
also pass - A telegraphic attention indicator that indicates to a relay post that it is an addressee and has relay responsibilities.
alter- (A) preliminary planning, engineering, architectural, legal, fiscal, and economic investigations and studies, surveys, designs, plans, working drawings, specifications, procedures, and other similar actions necessary for the alteration of a public building; and (B) repairing, remodeling, improving, or extending, or other changes in, a public building.
alter - with respect to a medical facility, to repair, remodel, improve, or extend.
alteration - changes of any kind, reconstruction, or removal in whole or in part. The term bridge - a lawful bridge over navigable waters of the United States, including approaches, fenders, and appurtenances thereto, which is used and operated for the purpose of carrying railroad traffic, or both railroad and highway traffic, or if a State, county, municipality, or other political subdivision is the owner or joint owner thereof, which is used and operated for the purpose of carrying highway traffic.
alternate - a substantive variation of a basic provision or clause prescribed for use in a defined circumstance. It adds wording to, deletes wording from, or substitutes specified wording for a portion of the basic provision or clause. The alternate version of a provision or clause is the basic provision or clause as changed by the addition, deletion, or substitution.
alternate communications site - Established by the Department of States Critical Infrastructure Committee, this site serves as the alternate communications and command and control center in the event of a major interruption of service, due to such things as a terrorist attack, fire, natural disaster, or catastrophic failure of the Departments primary facilities in Washington, DC and Beltsville, Maryland. These services include networking for all ClassNet, OpenNet, and Telegraphic Communications.
Alternate Communications Terminal - A TEMPEST or zoned personal computer utilizing the Microsoft Windows New Technology (NT) platform to provide classified or unclassified record traffic to posts without an Information Management Specialist position. Also called ACT.
alternate facility - location, other than the primary operating facility, used to carry out Mission Essential Functions (MEFs), particularly in a continuity event includes not only other work locations, but also nontraditional locations such as a telework locations or mobile offices.
alternate facility or site - A location, other than the normal duty facility or location, used to carry out official activities/ functions should the normal location not be available. It is also sometimes referred to as a relocation site (RS).
alternate method communication - different or alternate methods or means of providing information to people with disabilities includes, but not limited to, voice, fax, relay service, teletypewriter (TTY), internet posting, captioning, text-to-speech synthesis, and audio description.
alternate recipient - any child of a participant who is recognized under a medical child support order as having a right to enrollment under a group health plan with respect to such participant.
Alternate Service Provider - An agency other than State Department that provides government administrative services at post. Also called ASP.
alternate site- (See - alternate facility includes not only other work locations, but also nontraditional locations such as a telework locations or mobile offices).
alternate work site - A designated location, other than the official work site, where employees perform work assignments such as the employee’s home or an official telework center.
alternate worksite - approved location where official duties are performed away from the official worksite.
alternating current - electric current that flows through a circuit in both directions with the change in direction occurring with a well-defined and specified frequency.
alternative control measure - additional controls used to safeguard sensitive intelligence or operations and support information when normal measures are insufficient to achieve strict need-to-know controls, and where SAP controls are not required acquisition programs do not qualify.
Alternative Dispute Resolution - a process conducted by a third party to assist in the resolution of conflicts between people or organizations. Also called ADR.
alternative energy - energy derived from nontraditional sources such as; compressed natural gas, solar, hydroelectric, wind.
alternative fuel- (A) methanol; (B) denatured ethanol; (C) other alcohols; (D) except as provided in subsection (b) of this section, a mixture containing at least 85 percent of methanol, denatured ethanol, and other alcohols by volume with gasoline or other fuels; (E) natural gas; (F) liquefied petroleum gas; (G) hydrogen; (H) coal derived liquid fuels; (I) fuels (except alcohol) derived from biological materials; (J) electricity (including electricity from solar energy); and (K) any other fuel the Secretary of Transportation prescribes by regulation that is not substantially petroleum and that would yield substantial energy security and environmental benefits.
alternative fuel - A non-petroleum-based fuel, such as compressed natural gas, propane, electricity, biodiesel, and ethanol. Also called AF.
alternative fuel - fuel type other than petroleum-based gasoline or diesel as defined by the EPAct of 2005such as; ethanol, methanol, compressed natural gas, propane, and electrical energy.
alternative fuel - methanol, denatured ethanol, and other alcohols; mixtures containing 85 percent or more (or such other percentage, but not less than 70 percent, as determined by the Secretary, by rule, to provide for requirements relating to cold start, safety, or vehicle functions) by volume of methanol, denatured ethanol, and other alcohols with gasoline or other fuels; natural gas; liquefied petroleum gas; hydrogen; coal-derived liquid fuels; fuels (other than alcohol) derived from biological materials; electricity (including electricity from solar energy); and any other fuel the Secretary determines, by rule, is substantially not petroleum and would yield substantial energy security benefits and substantial environmental benefits.
alternative fuel vehicle - A vehicle capable of operating exclusively or primarily on a non-petroleum- based alternative fuel or, in some cases, a vehicle that operates exclusively or primarily on petroleum-based fuel while simultaneously meeting low greenhouse gas emissions standards set by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Also called AFV.
alternative fuel vehicle - a vehicle that is solely operating on—

(A) methanol, denatured ethanol, or other alcohols; (B) a mixture containing at least 85 percent of methanol, denatured ethanol, and other alcohols by volume with gasoline or other fuels; (C) natural gas; (D) liquefied petroleum gas;

materials;

(H) electricity (including electricity from solar energy); or (I) any other fuel that the Secretary prescribes by regulation that is not substantially petroleum and that would yield substantial energy security and environmental benefits, including fuels regulated under Code of Federal Regulations (or successor regulations).

alternative fuel vehicle - motor vehicle that uses a type of fuel other than petroleum-based gasoline or diesel, as defined by the EPAct of 2005includes electric-fueled vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid electric vehicles, dedicated AFVs, dual-fueled alternative fuel vehicles, qualified fuel-cell motor vehicles, advanced lean-burn technology motor vehicles, self-propelled vehicles, such as bicycles, and any other alternative fuel vehicles that are defined by statute.
alternative fueled automobile - an automobile that is a dedicated automobile.
alternative fueled vehicle - a dedicated vehicle or a dual fueled vehicle.
alternative futures analysis - process using a set of techniques to explore different future states developed by varying a set of key trend, drivers, and/ or conditions includes forecasts, scenario analysis, and visioning.
alternative test method - a test method that—(A) includes any new or revised test method; and (B)(i ) reduces the number of animals required; (ii) refines procedures to lessen or eliminate pain or distress to animals, or enhances animal well-being; or (iii) replaces animals with non-animal systems or one animal species with a phylogenetically lower animal species, such as replacing a mammal with an invertebrate.
alternative water source project - a project designed to provide municipal, industrial, and agricultural water supplies in an environmentally sustainable manner by conserving, managing, reclaiming, or reusing water or wastewater or by treating wastewater. Such term does not include water treatment or distribution facilities.
alternative work schedule - work schedule that differs from the traditional, fixed work schedule it allows more flexibility than traditional, fixed work schedules (e.g., 8 hours per day – 40 hours per week).
alternative workplace arrangements - telecommuting, hoteling, virtual offices, and other distributive work arrangements.
alternatives analysis - Identifies alternatives to meeting project objectives- (1) Selection of the top three alternatives; (2) Comparison of the three alternatives using a set of reasonable criteria; (3) Identification of the preferred alternative; and (4) Documentation of the benefits associated with the preferred alternative.
alternatives analysis - process of assessing the different methods for accomplishing functions, achieving performance requirements, and developing and documenting alternate concepts based on scenario and functional definitions used when the preferred solution is already narrowed down to a specific materiel solution and examines more detailed performance characteristics of various alternative ways to implement the materiel solution, and may be affected by cost and schedule constraints and trade-offs.
amateur astronomer - an individual whose employer does not provide any funding, payment, or compensation to the individual for the observation of asteroids and other celestial bodies, and does not include any individual employed as a professional astronomer.
amateur sports organization- (A) a person or governmental entity that sponsors, organizes, schedules, or conducts a competitive game in which one or more amateur athletes participate, or (B) a league or association of persons or governmental entities described in subparagraph (A).
amendment - Modification made to a solicitation.
American - A U.S. citizen or organization in, or a function performed by an organization headquartered in, the United States of America.
American citizen - A U.S. citizen who is not a family member of a U.S. Government employee who is hired at post of residence into an FSN position and whose compensation and benefits are prescribed by a local compensation plan and paid through the FSN Payroll System. Also called AMCIT
American folklife - the traditional expressive culture shared within the various groups in the United States: familial, ethnic, occupational, religious, regional; expressive culture includes a wide range of creative and symbolic forms such as custom, belief, technical skill, language, literature, art, architecture, music, play, dance, drama, ritual, pageantry, handicraft; these expressions are mainly learned orally, by imitation, or in performance, and are generally maintained without benefit of formal instruction or institutional direction.
American homeland - the United States.
American National Standards Institute - The coordinator of the U.S. voluntary standards system; provides a forum where the private and public sectors can cooperatively work together towards the development of consensus on voluntary national standards. Also called ANSI.
American Presence Post - A special purpose post with limited staffing and responsibilities. It is established as a consulate under the Vienna Convention. Also called APP.
American Salaries & Benefits - The centrally paid salary and benefits costs associated with U.S. direct- hire employees working in ICASS positions. (See also Washington Factor defined below. )
American vessel - any vessel documented or numbered under the laws of the United States; and includes any vessel which is neither documented or numbered under the laws of the United States nor documented under the laws of any foreign country, if such vessel is owned by, chartered to, or otherwise controlled by one or more citizens or residents of the United States or corporations organized under the laws of the United States or of any State.
American vessel - any vessel documented, and any aircraft registered or licensed, under the laws of the United States.
American vessel - any vessel which is documented or numbered under the laws of the United States.
ammonium nitrate -

(A) solid ammonium nitrate that is chiefly the ammonium salt of nitric acid and contains not less than 33 percent nitrogen by weight; and (B) any mixture containing a percentage of ammonium nitrate that is equal to or greater than the percentage determined by the Secretary.

ammonium nitrate facility - any entity that produces, sells or otherwise transfers ownership of, or provides application services for ammonium nitrate.
ammonium nitrate purchaser - any person who purchases ammonium nitrate from an ammonium nitrate facility.
ammunition lot — A quantity of homogeneous ammunition, identified by a unique lot number, which is manufactured, assembled, or renovated by one producer under uniform conditions and which is expected to function in a uniform manner.
amount of payroll deduction - There is no minimum. An employee can request a direct deposit for as little as a dollar. The amount of the allotment need not be a fractional part of the purchase price of a bond.
amphibian - A small craft, propelled by propellers and wheels or by air cushions for the purpose of moving on both land and water.
amphibious advance force - A temporary support force assigned to the amphibious force that conducts shaping operations in the amphibious objective area or operational area prior to the arrival of the amphibious force.
amphibious air traffic control center - The centralized air traffic control agency on an amphibious warfare ship responsible for operational control of aircraft departing from and recovering on the ship and tactical control of airborne helicopters in support of amphibious assaults. Also called AATCC. JP 3‐02 )
amphibious assault - A type of amphibious operation that involves establishing a force on a hostile or potentially hostile shore. See also assault; assault phase.
amphibious assault vehicle launching area - An area, in the vicinity of and to seaward of the line of departure, to which landing ships proceed and launch amphibious assault vehicles.
amphibious breaching - The conduct of a deliberate breaching operation specifically designed to overcome antilanding defenses in order to conduct an amphibious assault.
amphibious bulk liquid transfer system - Hosereel system providing capability to deliver fuel and/ or water from ship to shore. Also called ABLTS.
amphibious bulk liquid transfer system - Hose-reel system providing capability to deliver fuel and/ or water from ship to shore. Also called ABLTS.
amphibious construction battalion - A permanently commissioned naval unit, subordinate to the commander, naval beach group, designed to provide an administrative unit from which personnel and equipment are formed in tactical elements and made available to appropriate commanders to operate causeways, transfer barges, warping tugs, and assault bulk fuel systems, and to meet salvage requirements of the naval beach party. Also called PHIBCB.
amphibious defense zone - The area encompassing the amphibious objective area and the adjoining airspace required by accompanying naval forces for the purpose of air defense. Also called an ADZ.
amphibious demonstration - A type of amphibious operation conducted for the purpose of deceiving the enemy by a show of force with the expectation of deluding the enemy into following an unfavorable course of action.
amphibious force - An amphibious task force and a landing force together with other forces that are trained, organized, and equipped for amphibious operations. Also called AF. See also amphibious operation; amphibious task force; landing force.
amphibious objective area - A geographical area of sufficient size for conducting necessary sea, air, and land operations, and within which is located the objective(s) to be secured by the amphibious force. Also called AOA. See also amphibious force; mission.
amphibious operation - A military operation launched from the sea by an amphibious force to conduct landing force operations within the littorals. Also called PHIBOP. See also amphibious force; landing force; mission; operation.
amphibious raid - A type of amphibious operation involving swift incursion into or temporary occupation of an objective followed by a planned withdrawal. See also amphibious operation.
amphibious squadron - A tactical and administrative organization composed of amphibious warfare ships used to transport troops and their equipment for an amphibious operation. Also called PHIBRON.
amphibious task force - A Navy task organization formed to conduct amphibious operations. Also called ATF. See also amphibious force; amphibious operation; landing force.
amphibious vehicle - A wheeled or tracked vehicle capable of operating on both land and water. also landing craft.
amphibious vehicle availability table - A tabulation of the type and number of amphibious vehicles available primarily for assault landings and for support of other elements of the operation.
amphibious vehicle employment plan - A plan showing in tabular form the planned employment of amphibious vehicles in landing operations, including their employment after the initial movement to the beach.
amphibious warfare ship - A combatant ship having organic capability to embark, land, and support landing forces in amphibious operations and which has characteristics enabling long duration operations on the high seas.
amphibious withdrawal - A type of amphibious operation involving the extraction of forces by sea in ships or craft from a hostile or potentially hostile shore. See also amphibious operation.
analog - Of, relating to, or being a device in which data are represented by variable measurable physical quantities.
analysis and production - In intelligence usage, the conversion of processed information into intelligence through the integration, evaluation, analysis, and interpretation of all source data and the preparation of intelligence products in support of known or anticipated user requirements. See also intelligence process.
analysis of alternatives - systematic analytic and decision making process to identify and document the optimal solution for satisfying an identified mission capability gap nominally, the analysis of alternatives process primarily supports and informs the development of the Operational Requirements Document (ORD) and the evolution of the Concept of Operations (CONOPS); however other development sequences are acceptable depending on many variables.
analysis phase - project execution phase that occurs once a project has been formally approved to start in the analysis phase, requirements are validated, a project team is established, and an initial project management plan is developed.
analytic production plan Fusion Center - document that describes the types of analysis and products a fusion center intends to provide for customers and partners, how often or in what circumstances the products will be produced, and how each product type will be disseminated.
anchor tenancy - an arrangement in which the United States Government agrees to procure sufficient quantities of a commercial space product or service needed to meet Government mission requirements so that a commercial venture is made viable.
ancillary administration - Administration of an estate in a jurisdiction where the decedent had property but was not domiciled. It may be performed in any foreign jurisdiction where assets are located and is usually for the purpose of collecting such assets and paying debts there.
animal enterprise- (A) a commercial or academic enterprise that uses or sells animals or animal products for profit, food or fiber production, agriculture, education, research, or testing; (B) a zoo, aquarium, animal shelter, pet store, breeder, furrier, circus, or rodeo, or other lawful competitive animal event; or (C) any fair or similar event intended to advance agricultural arts and sciences.
animal fighting venture - any event, in or affecting interstate or foreign commerce, that involves a fight conducted or to be conducted between at least 2 animals for purposes of sport, wagering, or entertainment, except that the term animal fighting venture shall not be deemed to include any activity the primary purpose of which involves the use of one or more animals in hunting another animal.
animal rights extremist - group or person who facilitate or engage in acts of unlawful violence directed against people, businesses, or government entities perceived to be exploiting or abusing animals.
animal-borne improvised explosive device - improvised explosive device (IED) delivered to a target by means of an animal.
annexes - See Emergency Support Function Annexes, Incident Annexes, and Support Annexes.
annual employee summary rating - final performance rating approved by the authorizing official at the end of the performance appraisal period after considering a Performance Review Board's (PRB) recommendations.
annual limit - a dollar limitation on the total amount of benefits that may be paid with respect to such benefits in a 12-month period under the plan or health insurance coverage with respect to an individual or other coverage unit.
annual limit - with respect to benefits under a group health plan or health insurance coverage, a dollar limitation on the total amount of benefits that may be paid with respect to such benefits in a 12- month period under the plan or health insurance coverage with respect to an individual or other coverage unit.
annual operating costs - A one-year expenditure or cost projection for required resources to produce products and services.
Annual Performance Plan - Under the GPRA Modernization Act, an agency’s Annual Performance Plan covers each program activity set forth in the budget, identifying the agency’s goals and objectives and how those goals will be achieved. The APP clearly links performance goals with resources for achieving a target level of performance on an annual basis. An Annual Performance Plan aligns activities under the agency’s strategic goals, showing budget information for specific activities intended to influence outcomes. Also called APP.
Annual Performance Report - A report on agency performance that is delivered with an agency’s Congressional Budget Justification to Congress every February. The APR contains information on the agency’s progress to achieve goals during the past year as set forth in the APP. Also called APR.
annualize - The calculation method to convert a cost to an annual basis. The calculation converts a cost for a performance period that is less than one full year into an annual cost to correctly reflect the cost in a government cost estimate. This calculation is performed by first dividing the cost in the performance period by the number of days in the performance period to determine the corresponding daily cost and then multiplying the daily cost by 365.25 days to determine the annualized cost. To account for leap years, 365.25 is the average number of days in a year.
annuitant - A person who participated in a Federal retirement system or is the survivor or beneficiary who meets the requirements for receiving an annuity under the system.
annuitant - any person including a former participant or survivor who meets all requirements for an annuity from the Fund under the provisions of the Act or any other law and who has filed claim for such annuity.
annuity - A monthly railroad retirement benefit payment.
annuity - A sum of money payable at specified intervals to individuals who participated in a Federal retirement system.
annuity starting date- (i) the first day of the first period for which an amount is payable as an annuity, or (ii) in the case of a benefit not payable in the form of an annuity, the first day on which all events have occurred which entitle the participant to such benefit.
annular injection - the reinjection of brines associated with the production of oil or gas between the production and surface casings of a conventional oil or gas producing well.
annunciator - device that signals a change of protection zone status in a security system and provides status information about a circuit, condition, system, or location normally contains one or more indicator lamps, alphanumeric displays, computer monitors, or other equivalent means of identification.
anomaly - deviation or departure from the normal or common order, form or rule.
anomaly detection - identification of deviations by looking for activity that is different from normal behavior.
anonymized data - data in which the individual to whom the data pertains is not identifiable with reasonable efforts, including information that has been encrypted or hidden through the use of other technology.
Antarctic Convergence - a line joining the following points along the parallels of latitude and meridians of longitude: 50 degrees south, 0 degrees; 50 degrees south, 30 degrees east; 45 degrees south, 30 degrees east; 45 degrees south, 80 degrees east; 55 degrees south, 80 degrees east; 55 degrees south, 150 degrees east; 60 degrees south, 150 degrees east; 60 degrees south; 1 50 degrees west; 50 degrees south, 50 degrees west; and 50 degrees south, 0 degrees.
Antarctic marine living resources - the population of finfish, mollusks, crustaceans and all other species of living organisms, including birds, found south of the Antarctic Convergence.
antemortem data - Medical records, samples, and photographs taken prior to death. These include (but are not limited to) fingerprints, dental x-rays, body tissue samples, photographs of tattoos, or other identifying marks. These “pre-death” records would be compared against records completed after death to help establish a positive identification of human remains. See also mortuary affairs.
anti-abortion extremist - group or person who facilitate or engage in acts of unlawful violence directed against the providers of abortion related services, their employees, and their facilities in support of the belief that the practice of abortion should end.
anti-aircraft improvised explosive device - improvised explosive device (IED) primarily intended to damage or destroy aircraft and/ or their payload.
anti-aircraft improvised explosive device incident - improvised explosive device (IED) incident primarily intended to damage or destroy an aircraft and/ or their payload as well as to kill or wound individuals inside the aircraft.
anti-armor improvised explosive device - improvised explosive device (IED) that utilizes a directional explosive effect primarily intended to penetrate armored vehicles. Terms )
anti-armor improvised explosive device incident - improvised explosive device (IED) incident primarily intended to damage or destroy armored vehicles and/ or to kill or wound individuals inside armored vehicles.
Antideficiency Act violations - The incurring of obligations or the making of expenditure (outlays) in violation of appropriation law as to purpose, time, and amounts as specified in the defense appropriation or appropriations of funds.
anti-disturbance/ movement switch - switch that causes two parts to make contact, completing a circuit after a disturbance to a device (tilt, vibration).
anti-first responder improvised explosive device - improvised explosive device (IED) primarily intended to kill or wound first responders such as police/ law enforcement, medics, and firefighters.
anti-government extremist - group or person who facilitate or engage in unlawful acts of violence directed at federal, state, or local law enforcement, other government officials, critical infrastructure or government facilities in order to affect the conduct of a government or influence the policy of a government by intimidation or coercion, in response to their belief that their liberties are being taken away by the perceived unconstitutional or otherwise illegitimate actions of government officials or law enforcement.
anti-infrastructure improvised explosive device - improvised explosive device (IED) primarily intended to damage or destroy physical infrastructure such as pipelines, communications towers, bridges, buildings, utility lines and/ or facilities such as electrical transformers or water pump houses.
anti-infrastructure improvised explosive device incident - improvised explosive device (IED) incident primarily intended to damage or destroy physical infrastructure such as pipelines, communications towers, bridges, buildings, utility lines and/ or facilities such as electrical transformers or water pump houses.
anti-maritime improvised explosive device - improvised explosive device (IED) primarily intended to damage or destroy maritime vessels and/ or their payload.
antimicrobial pesticide - a pesticide intended to — (i) disinfect, sanitize, reduce, or mitigate growth or development of microbiological organisms; or (ii) protect inanimate objects, industrial processes or systems, surfaces, water, or other chemical substances from contamination, fouling, or deterioration caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, algae, or slime.
anti-personnel improvised explosive device - improvised explosive device (IED) primarily intended to kill or wound people.
anti-personnel landmine- (1) any munition placed under, on, or near the ground or other surface area, or delivered by artillery, rocket, mortar, or similar means or dropped from an aircraft and which is designed to be detonated or exploded by the presence, proximity, or contact of a person; (2) any device or material which is designed, constructed, or adapted to kill or injure and which functions unexpectedly when a person disturbs or approaches an apparently harmless object or performs an apparently safe act; (3) any manually-emplaced munition or device designed to kill, injure, or damage and which is actuated by remote control or automatically after a lapse of time.
antiradiation missile - A missile which homes passively on a radiation source. Also called ARM. See also guided missile.
antisubmarine warfare - Operations conducted with the intention of denying the enemy the effective use of submarines. Also called ASW.
antiterrorism - Defensive measures used to reduce the vulnerability of individuals and property to terrorist acts, to include rapid containment by local military and civilian forces. Also called AT. See also counterterrorism; terrorism.
antitrust evidence - information, testimony, statements, documents, or other things that are obtained in anticipation of, or during the course of, an investigation or proceeding under any of the Federal antitrust laws or any of the foreign antitrust laws.
antitrust leniency agreement - a leniency letter agreement, whether conditional or final, between a person and the Antitrust Division pursuant to the Corporate Leniency Policy of the Antitrust Division in effect on the date of execution of the agreement.
antitrust leniency applicant - with respect to an antitrust leniency agreement, the person that has entered into the agreement.
anti-vehicle improvised explosive device - improvised explosive device (IED) primarily intended to damage or destroy vehicles – is not intended to penetrate a vehicle’s armor.
anti-vehicle improvised explosive device incident - improvised explosive device (IED) incident primarily intended to damage or destroy vehicles – excluding armored vehicles – and/ or their cargo as well as to kill or wound individuals inside such vehicles.
anti-vehicle land mine - A mine designed to immobilize or destroy a vehicle. Also called AVL.
anti-virus - A software application used to detect and eradicate computer viruses.
appeal - formal request for review of a decision.
appeal - to invoke or call upon a judge or other legal authority to reverse or otherwise alter a conviction of crime or a sentence for crime.
appeals process - available for the impartial handling of procedural appeals.
appearance - Any live or real-time (even if delayed) presentation of views or ideas, including but not limited to physical presence before an audience, participation in a text-only or visual online forum, participation in a press interview (in-person, online, or over the phone), or teaching.
applet - A small program, frequently in Java script, that can be embedded in an HTML page. Applets differ from full-fledged applications in that they are not allowed to access certain resources on the local computer, such as files and serial devices (modems, printers, etc.), and are prohibited from communicating with most other computers across a network. The current rule is that an applet can only make an Internet connection to the computer from which the applet was sent.
appliance - an instrument, equipment, apparatus, a part, an appurtenance, or an accessory used, capable of being used, or intended to be used, in operating or controlling aircraft in flight, including a parachute, communication equipment, and another mechanism installed in or attached to aircraft during flight, and not a part of an aircraft, aircraft engine, or propeller.
appliance - any device which contains and uses a class I or class II substance as a refrigerant and which is used for household or commercial purposes, including any air conditioner, refrigerator, chiller, or freezer.
appliances - Devices or machines not built into the building structure of residential quarters that supplement manual labor and perform a specific task. Appliances normally include such items as domestic clothes washers, clothes dryers, ranges, ovens, dish washers, glass washers, domestic hot water heaters (50 gallons and smaller), window air conditioners, split-system air conditioners (3 tons and smaller), portable dehumidifiers, ice makers, freezers, refrigerators, etc.
applicable clinical trial - an applicable device clinical trial or an applicable drug clinical trial.
applicable device clinical trial —(I) a prospective clinical study of health outcomes comparing an intervention with a device against a control in human subjects (other than a small clinical trial to determine the feasibility of a device, or a clinical trial to test prototype devices where the primary outcome measure relates to feasibility and not to health outcomes); and (II) a pediatric postmarket surveillance.
applicable implementation plan - the portion (or portions) of the implementation plan, or most recent revision thereof, which has been approved, or promulgated, or promulgated or approved pursuant to regulations promulgated and which implements the relevant requirements of this chapter.
applicable or relevant and appropriate requirement - standards, criteria, or limitations under federal or more stringent state environmental laws includes Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) items that may be required during a Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) driven remedial action (unless site-specific waivers are obtained).
applicable percentage - the percentage determined by dividing the total United States expenses by the total expenses.
applicable State authority - the State insurance commissioner or official or officials designated by the State to enforce the requirements of this subchapter for the State involved with respect to such issuer.
applicant - a corporation applying for the right to establish, operate, and maintain a foreign-trade zone.
applicant - A direct-hire permanent full-time, permanent part-time, full-time temporary or part-time temporary U.S. Government employee of the Department of State whose privately-owned vehicle is registered on the application as the primary mode of transportation. The applicant must reside a minimum of one (1) mile from the building where they work (unless he or she is a person with a disability). (See definitions for permanent full-time, permanent part-time, full-time temporary and part-time temporary employees. )
applicant - any person who, pursuant to the Convention, files an application with the United States Central Authority or a Central Authority of any other party to the Convention for the return of a child alleged to have been wrongfully removed or retained or for arrangements for organizing or securing the effective exercise of rights of access pursuant to the Convention.
applicant employee - person being considered or has been considered for employment.
application — 1. The system or problem to which a computer is applied. 2. In the intelligence context, the direct extraction and tailoring of information from an existing foundation of intelligence and near real time reporting.Dictionary, JP 2‐0 )
application - A) in the case of a Convention country, the application required pursuant to article 8 of the Hague Abduction Convention; (B) in the case of a bilateral procedures country, the formal document required, pursuant to the provisions of the applicable arrangement, to request the return of an abducted child or to request rights of access, as applicable; and (C) in the case of a non- Convention country, the formal request by the Central Authority of the United States to the Central Authority of such country requesting the return of an abducted child or for rights of contact with an abducted child.
application - an application submitted under this Act for a license for the ownership, construction, and operation of a deepwater port;
application for admission - reference to the application for admission into the United States and not to the application for the issuance of an immigrant or nonimmigrant visa.
application programmable interface - set of routines, protocols, and tools for building software applications.
application sensor - detecting device that are grouped by application in a physical detection space.
application system - A software program that performs a specific function directly for a user and may be executed without access to system control, monitoring, or administrative privileges.
application system owner - A person or organization having responsibility for the development, procurement, integration, modification, operation and maintenance, and/ or final disposition of an application system.
applied research - research conducted to determine the means by which a recognized and specific need may be met.
appointee - person who has entered on duty and is in the first year of a subject-to-investigation appointment.
appointing authority - designated official that has authority to make appointments.
appointment eligible family member - An individual who may qualify for a direct-hire Foreign Service appointment on either a family member appointment (FMA; see below) or a temporary appointment (TEMP; see below) provided that all of the following criteria are met- (1) Is a U.S. citizen; and (2) Is the spouse or domestic partner of the sponsoring employee, or a child of the sponsoring employee who is unmarried and at least 18 years old; and (3) Is listed on the travel orders or approved Form OF-126, Foreign Service Residence and Dependency Report, of a sponsoring employee, i.e., a direct-hire Foreign Service, Civil Service, or uniformed service member who is permanently assigned to or stationed abroad at a U.S. mission, or at an office of the American Institute in Taiwan (AIT), and who is under chief of mission authority; and (4) Is residing at the sponsoring employee's post of assignment abroad or, as appropriate, office of the American Institute in Taiwan; and (5) Does not receive a U.S. Government retirement annuity or pension from a career in the U.S. Foreign Service or Civil Service. Other family members or dependents on direct-hire Foreign Service, Civil Service, or uniformed service members travel orders or approved Form OF-126 who do not meet all of these criteria are not AEFMs or U.S. citizen eligible family members (EFMs). Also called AEFM.
apportionment - A form of budget authority making funds available to an agency to incur obligations and make expenditures from Treasury for specified purposes. Appropriations do not represent cash actually set aside in the Treasury. They represent legal authority granted by Congress to incur obligations and to make disbursements for the purposes, during the time periods, and up to the amount limitations specified in law.
apportionment - An apportionment is a plan, approved by OMB, to spend resources provided by any of the following - one of the annual appropriations acts, a supplemental appropriations act, a continuing resolution, or a permanent law (i.e., mandatory appropriations). Resources are apportioned by Treasury Appropriation Fund Symbol (TAFS). The apportionment identifies amounts available for obligation and expenditure. It specifies and limits the obligations that may be incurred and expenditures made (or makes other limitations, as appropriate) for specified time periods, programs, activities, projects, objects, or any combination thereof. An apportioned amount may be further subdivided by an agency into allotments, sub-allotments, and allocations.
apportionment - In the general sense, distribution of forces and capabilities as the starting point for planning, etc. See also allocation.
apprehend - to take physical control or temporarily detain an individual suspected of wrongdoing or posing a potential threat to National security without actual arrest.
approach schedule - In amphibious operations, this schedule indicates, for each scheduled wave, the time of departure from the rendezvous area, from the line of departure, and from other control points and the time of arrival at the beach.
appropriate consultation - discussions in person by designated Cabinet-level representatives of the President with members of the Committees on the Judiciary of the Senate and of the House of Representatives to review the refugee situation or emergency refugee situation, to project the extent of possible participation of the United States therein, to discuss the reasons for believing that the proposed admission of refugees is justified by humanitarian concerns or grave humanitarian concerns or is otherwise in the national interest, and to provide such members with the following information: (1) A description of the nature of the refugee situation. (2) A description of the number and allocation of the refugees to be admitted and an analysis of conditions within the countries from which they came. (3) A description of the proposed plans for their movement and resettlement and the estimated cost of their movement and resettlement. (4) An analysis of the anticipated social, economic, and demographic impact of their admission to the United States. (5) A description of the extent to which other countries will admit and assist in the resettlement of such refugees. (6) An analysis of the impact of the participation of the United States in the resettlement of such refugees on the foreign policy interests of the United States. (7) Such additional information as may be appropriate or requested by such members.
appropriate court - the courts of the United States, and with respect to the District of Columbia, the courts of the District of Columbia, in which indictments, information, or complaints, for which disposition is sought, are pending.
appropriation - provision of law (not necessarily in an appropriations act) authorizing the obligation and expenditure of funds for a given purpose.
appropriation - A provision of law (not necessarily in an appropriations act) authorizing the expenditure of funds for a given purpose.
Appropriation Act - A public law passed by Congress and signed by the President that provides funds for committing obligations and making payments (expenditures) out of the Treasury for specified purposes. For the Department, an appropriation act must include waiver of statutory requirements for separate authorizing legislation whenever such authorizing legislation has not been enacted first.
approval - Written approval for travel performed and related expenses incurred without prior authorization.
approval (as distinguished from certification) - The attestation by an authorized individual that the provider of goods or services for which the voucher is being prepared is entitled to payment, subject to the goods received or services performed being accepted as satisfactory. Receipt and payment approval may be reflected in a combined attestation.
approval or authorization of the awarding or cognizant Federal agency - documentation evidencing consent prior to incurring a specific cost. If such costs are specifically identified in a Federal award document, approval of the document constitutes approval of the costs. If the costs are covered by a State/ local-wide cost allocation plan or an indirect cost proposal, approval of the plan constitutes the approval.
approving officer - Any officer-in-charge, or designee, who has general responsibility for the proper administration of leave regulations as they pertain to employees under that officer’s jurisdiction.
Approving Official - An individual who must be officially established in the purchase card program through a written delegation of authority memorandum and who has daily oversight responsibility for each cardholder under his or her purview. Also called AO.
Approving Official - Person appointed to authorize release.
Approving Official - The Director General of the Foreign Service and the Director of Human Resources
apron - A defined area on an airfield intended to accommodate aircraft for purposes of loading or unloading passengers or cargo, refueling, parking, or maintenance.
aquaculture - the culture or husbandry of aquatic animals or plants by private industry for commercial purposes including the culture and growing of fish by private industry for the purpose of creating or augmenting publicly owned and regulated stocks of fish.
aquaculture - the propagation and rearing of aquatic species in controlled or selected environments, including, but not limited to, ocean ranching (except private ocean ranching of Pacific salmon for profit in those States where such ranching is prohibited by law).
aquaculture facility - any land, structure, or other appurtenance that is used for aquaculture and is located in any State. Such term includes, but is not limited to, any laboratory, hatchery, rearing pond, raceway, pen, incubator, or other equipment used in aquaculture.
aquatic nuisance species - a nonindigenous species that threatens the diversity or abundance of native species or the ecological stability of infested waters, or commercial, agricultural, aquacultural or recreational activities dependent on such waters.
aquatic resource education program - a program designed to enhance the public's understanding of aquatic resources and sportfishing, and to promote the development of responsible attitudes and ethics toward the aquatic environment.
aquatic sediment - sediment underlying the navigable waters of the United States.
aquatic species - any species of finfish, mollusk, crustacean, or other aquatic invertebrate, amphibian, reptile, or aquatic plant.
arbitration- (A) the arbitration of disputes, regarding the terms and conditions of employment, that is required under an interstate compact governing an interstate compact agency operating in the national capital area; but (B) does not include the interpretation and application of rights arising from an existing collective bargaining agreement.
arbitrator - to either a single arbitrator, or a board of arbitrators, chosen under applicable procedures.
architect-engineer services- (1) Professional services of an architectural or engineering nature, as defined by State law, if applicable, that are required to be performed or approved by a person licensed, registered, or certified to provide those services; (2) Professional services of an architectural or engineering nature performed by contract that are associated with research, planning, development, design, construction, alteration, or repair of real property; and(3) Those other professional services of an architectural or engineering nature, or incidental services, that members of the architectural and engineering professions (and individuals in their employ) may logically or justifiably perform, including studies, investigations, surveying and mapping, tests, evaluations, consultations, comprehensive planning, program management, conceptual designs, plans and specifications, value engineering, construction phase services, soils engineering, drawing reviews, preparation of operating and maintenance manuals, and other related services.
architectural and engineering services- (A) professional services of an architectural or engineering nature, as defined by state law, if applicable, that are required to be performed or approved by a person licensed, registered, or certified to provide the services described in this paragraph; (B) professional services of an architectural or engineering nature performed by contract that are associated with research, planning, development, design, construction, alteration, or repair of real property; and (C) other professional services of an architectural or engineering nature, or incidental services, which members of the architectural and engineering professions (and individuals in their employ) may logically or justifiably perform, including studies, investigations, surveying and mapping, tests, evaluations, consultations, comprehensive planning, program management, conceptual designs, plans and specifications, value engineering, construction phase services, soils engineering, drawing reviews, preparation of operating and maintenance manuals, and other related services.
architecture - An integrated framework for evolving or maintaining existing information technology, and acquiring new information technology, to achieve the Departments strategic goals and information resources management goals. Also, the structure and relationships among the components of a computer program or system. Architecture may include the interface with the program or systems operational environment.
architecture - specification that identifies a structure of elements, their relationship, their integration and the principles and guidelines governing the design.
archival records - Records with long term or permanent value worthy of preservation by the National Archives.
Archive (the Archive) - The official Department database of all archive messages sent to and received by SMART. Users can search the Archive for messages and can save searches so they are notified when messages that meet their interests are added to the Archive. Access to the Archive is controlled by role-based access control (RBAC) restrictions.
archive message - Department messages analogous to cables and memoranda that have long-term record value. Archive messages are stored in the archive.
Arctic - the United States zone of the Chukchi Sea, Beaufort Sea, and Bering Sea north of the Aleutian chain.
area air defense commander - The component commander with the preponderance of air defense capability and the required command, control, and communications capabilities who is assigned by the joint force commander to plan and execute integrated air defense operations. Also called AADC.
area career and technical education school- (A) a specialized public secondary school used exclusively or principally for the provision of career and technical education to individuals who are available for study in preparation for entering the labor market; (B) the department of a public secondary school exclusively or principally used for providing career and technical education in not fewer than 5 different occupational fields to individuals who are available for study in preparation for entering the labor market; (C) a public or nonprofit technical institution or career and technical education school used exclusively or principally for the provision of career and technical education to individuals who have completed or left secondary school and who are available for study in preparation for entering the labor market, if the institution or school admits, as regular students, individuals who have completed secondary school and individuals who have left secondary school; or (D) the department or division of an institution of higher education, that operates under the policies of the eligible agency and that provides career and technical education in not fewer than 5 different occupational fields leading to immediate employment but not necessarily leading to a baccalaureate degree, if the department or division admits, as regular students, both individuals who have completed secondary school and individuals who have left secondary school.
area command - A command that is composed of elements of one or more of the Services, organized and placed under a single commander and designated to operate in a specific geographical area. See also command.
area command - An organization established to oversee the management of multiple incidents that are each being handled by a separate Incident Command System organization or to oversee the management of a very large or evolving incident that has multiple incident management teams engaged. An agency administrator/ executive or other public official with jurisdictional responsibility for the incident usually makes the decision to establish an Area Command. An Area Command is activated only if necessary, depending on the complexity of the incident and incident management span-of-control considerations.
area damage control - Measures taken before, during, or after hostile action or natural or manmade disasters, to reduce the probability of damage and minimize its effects. Also called ADC.
area health education center - a public or nonprofit private organization that has a cooperative agreement or contract in effect with an entity that has received an award, satisfies the requirements, and has as one of its principal functions the operation of an area health education center. Appropriate organizations may include hospitals, health organizations with accredited primary care training programs, accredited physician assistant educational programs associated with a college or university, and universities or colleges not operating a school of medicine or osteopathic medicine.
area of influence - A geographical area wherein a commander is directly capable of influencing operations by maneuver or fire support systems normally under the commander’s command or control.
area of interest - That area of concern to the commander, including the area of influence, areas adjacent thereto, and extending into enemy territory. This area also includes areas occupied by enemy forces who could jeopardize the accomplishment of the mission. Also called AOI. See also area of influence. JP 3‐0 )
area of operations - An operational area defined by the joint force commander for land and maritime forces that should be large enough to accomplish their missions and protect their forces. Also called AO. See also area of responsibility; joint operations area; joint special operations area.
area of responsibility - geographical area associated with a command within which the commander has the authority to plan and conduct operations - in addition to geographic delineation, an area of responsibility may also be relative to subject, mission, or other factors.
area of responsibility - The geographical area associated with a combatant command within which a geographic combatant commander has authority to plan and conduct operations. Also called AOR. See also combatant command.
area search - Visual reconnaissance of limited or defined areas.
area studies - a program of comprehensive study of the aspects of a society or societies, including study of its history, culture, economy, politics, international relations and languages.
areas of critical environmental concern - areas within the public lands where special management attention is required (when such areas are developed or used or where no development is required) to protect and prevent irreparable damage to important historic, cultural, or scenic values, fish and wildlife resources or other natural systems or processes, or to protect life and safety from natural hazards.
areas to be accessed - Embassy areas to be accessed are defined in two ways. Controlled access areas
areawide agency - an official State, metropolitan, regional, or district agency empowered under State or local laws or under an interstate compact or agreement to perform comprehensive planning in an area, an organization of the type; or such other agency or instrumentality as may be designated by the Governor (or, in the case of areas crossing State lines, any one or more of such agencies or instrumentalities as may be designated by the Governors of the States involved) to perform such planning.
areawide development - all projects or programs for the acquisition, use, and development of open-space land; and the planning and construction of hospitals, libraries, airports, water supply and distribution facilities, sewerage facilities and waste treatment works, transportation facilities, highways, water development and land conservation, and other public works facilities.
areawide development project - a project assisted or to be assisted under the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1965; the Public Health and Airway Development Act of 1970; title 49; the Housing Act of 1961 the Public Works and Economic Development Act of 1965.
arising out of administration of a covered countermeasure - a claim or liability arising out of — (i ) determining whether, or under what conditions, an individual should receive a covered countermeasure; (ii) obtaining informed consent of an individual to the administration of a covered countermeasure; (iii) monitoring, management, or care of an immediate site of administration on the body of a covered countermeasure, or evaluation of whether the administration of the countermeasure has been effective; or (iv) transmission of vaccinia virus by an individual to whom vaccinia vaccine was administered as provided by paragraph (2)(B).
armed force or group - any army, militia, or other military organization, whether or not it is state- sponsored, excluding any group assembled solely for nonviolent political association.
Armed Forces of the United States - A term used to denote collectively all components of the Army, Marine Corps, Navy, Air Force, and Coast Guard (when mobilized under Title 10, United States Code, to augment the Navy). See also United States Armed Forces.
Armed Forces or Group - any army, militia, or other military organization, whether or not it is state- sponsored, excluding any group assembled solely for nonviolent political association.
arming - As applied to explosives, weapons, and ammunition, the changing from a safe condition to a state of readiness for initiation.
arming switch - switch that prevents arming until an acceptable set of criteria has occurred and subsequently effect arming and allows functioning.
armor vest- (A) body armor, no less than Type I, which has been tested through the voluntary compliance testing program operated by the National Law Enforcement and Corrections Technology Center of the National Institute of Justice (NIJ), and found to meet or exceed the requirements of NIJ, or any subsequent revision of such standard; or (B) body armor that has been tested through the voluntary compliance testing program, and found to meet or exceed the requirements of NIJ, or any revision of such standard.
armored car crew member - an individual who provides protection for goods transported by an armored car company.
arms control agreement - The written or unwritten embodiment of the acceptance of one or more arms control measures by two or more nations.
arms control and disarmament - the identification, verification, inspection, limitation, control, reduction, or elimination, of armed forces and armaments of all kinds under international agreement including the necessary steps taken under such an agreement to establish an effective system of international control, or to create and strengthen international organizations for the maintenance of peace.
Army - the Army or Armies referred to in the Constitution of the United States, less that part established by law as the Air Force. US Code 10, §3001 )
Army air-ground system - The Army system which provides for interface between Army and tactical air support agencies of other Services in the planning, evaluating, processing, and coordinating of air support requirements and operations. Also called AAGS.
Army corps - An intermediate headquarters between divisions and the theater army consisting of two or more divisions together with supporting brigades.
Army National Guard - that part of the organized militia of the several States and Territories, Puerto Rico, and the District of Columbia, active and inactive, that — (A) is a land force; (B) is trained, and has its officers appointed, under the Constitution; (C) is organized, armed, and equipped wholly or partly at Federal expense; and (D) is federally recognized.
Army National Guard - that part of the organized militia of the several States and Territories, Puerto Rico, and the District of Columbia, active and inactive, that — (A) is a land force;(B) is trained, and has its officers appointed, under the Constitution;(C) is organized, armed, and equipped wholly or partly at Federal expense; and (D) is federally recognized.
Army National Guard of the United States - the reserve component of the Army all of whose members are members of the Army National Guard.
Army Service component command - Command responsible for recommendations to the joint force commander on the allocation and employment of Army forces within a combatant command. Also called ASCC.
Army Special Operations Forces - Those Active and Reserve Component Army forces designated by the Secretary of Defense that are specifically organized, trained, and equipped to conduct and support special operations. Also called ARSOF.
Army support area - The specific support area for a theater Army that is outside of a division or corps’ operational area established primarily for the positioning, employment, and protection of theater support units; and where the majority of the sustaining operations occur.
arrest - any form of imprisonment or the placement of a person in a public or private custodial setting, from which this person is not permitted to leave at will, by order of any judicial, administrative or other public authority.
arrest report - the ACS system record prepared by post immediately following the initial visit of an arrested U.S. citizen or national, and later updates).
arrival – arrival at a port of entry in the customs territory of the United States.
arrival zone — In counterdrug operations, the area in or adjacent to the United States where smuggling concludes and domestic distribution begins (by air, an airstrip; by sea, an offload point on land, or transfer to small boats). See also transit zone.
arson - an offense that has as its elements maliciously damaging or destroying any building, inhabited structure, vehicle, vessel, or real property by means of fire or an explosive.
article - any commodity, whether grown, produced, fabricated, manipulated, or manufactured.
articulation agreement - a written commitment (A) that is agreed upon at the State level or approved annually by the lead administrators of (i) a secondary institution and a postsecondary educational institution; or (ii) a subbaccalaureate degree granting postsecondary educational institution and a baccalaureate degree granting postsecondary educational institution; and (B) to a program that is (i) designed to provide students with a nonduplicative sequence of progressive achievement leading to technical skill proficiency, a credential, a certificate, or a degree; and (ii) linked through credit transfer agreements between the 2 institutions described in clause (i) or (ii) of subparagraph (A) (as the case may be).
arts and sciences — (A) when referring to an organizational unit of an institution of higher education, any academic unit that offers one or more academic majors in disciplines or content areas corresponding to the academic subject matter areas in which teachers provide instruction; and (B) when referring to a specific academic subject area, the disciplines or content areas in which academic majors are offered by the arts and sciences organizational unit.
asbestos - asbestiform varieties of — (A) chrysotile (serpentine), (B) crocidolite (riebeckite), (C) amosite
asbestos abatement - removal of asbestos containing material from a damaged area, functional space, or homogeneous area in a building.
asbestos management plan - plan that is a permanent record of the current status and condition of all ACM in an installation’s facility inventory.
asbestos-containing material - material or product that contains more than 1 percent asbestos.
ascent phase - That portion of the flight of a ballistic missile or space vehicle that begins after powered flight and ends just prior to apogee.
asphalt pavement containing recycled rubber - any mixture of asphalt and crumb rubber derived from whole scrap tires, such that the physical properties of the asphalt are modified through the mixture, for use in pavement maintenance, rehabilitation, or construction applications.
assault - 1. In an amphibious operation, the period of time between the arrival of the major assault forces of the amphibious task force in the objective area and the accomplishment of the amphibious task force mission. 2. To make a short, violent, but well-ordered attack against a local objective, such as a gun emplacement, a fort, or a machine gun nest. 3. A phase of an airborne operation beginning with delivery by air of the assault echelon of the force into the objective area and extending through attack of assault objectives and consolidation of the initial airhead. See also assault phase.
assault breaching - A part of amphibious breaching in support of an amphibious assault involving a fire support mission using precision guided munitions to neutralize mines and obstacles in the surf zone and on the beach.
assault craft unit - A permanently commissioned naval organization, subordinate to the commander, naval beach group, that contains landing craft and crews necessary to provide lighter age required in an amphibious operation. Also called ACU.
assault echelon - In amphibious operations, the element of a force comprised of tailored units and aircraft assigned to conduct the initial assault on the operational area. Also called AE. See also amphibious operation.
assault follow-on echelon - In amphibious operations, that echelon of the assault troops, vehicles, aircraft, equipment, and supplies that, though not needed to initiate the assault, is required to support and sustain the assault. Also called AFOE.
assault phase - In an airborne operation, a phase beginning with delivery by air of the assault echelon of the force into the objective area and extending through attack of assault objectives and consolidation of the initial airhead. See also assault.
assault schedule - In amphibious operations, this schedule provides the formation, composition, and timing of waves landing over the beach.
assault with intent to commit rape - an offense that has as its elements engaging in physical contact with another person or using or brandishing a weapon against another person with intent to commit aggravated sexual abuse or sexual abuse.
assemblies - items forming a portion of a system or subsystem that can be provisioned and replaced as an entity and which incorporates multiple, replaceable parts.
assessable unit - Any Department segment having one or more management control system upon which periodic risk assessments must be performed. The individual assessable unit should be of an appropriate nature and size to facilitate a meaningful risk assessment. All Department segments must be assessed, with the exception of those involved in statutory development or interpretation or other discretionary policymaking processes.
assessed contributions - Assistance provided to foreign countries, international societies, commissions, proceedings or projects that are lump sum, quota of expenses, or fixed by treaty.
assessment - 1. A continuous process that measures the overall effectiveness of employing joint force capabilities during military operations. 2. Determination of the progress toward accomplishing a task, creating a condition, or achieving an objective. 3. Analysis of the security, effectiveness, and potential of an existing or planned intelligence activity. 4. Judgment of the motives, qualifications, and characteristics of present or prospective employees or “agents.”
assessment - product and process of evaluating information based on a set of criteria for the purpose of informing priorities, developing or comparing courses of action, and informing decision making criteria determines the type of assessment.
assessment message - message supplying the evaluation and interpretation of measurements and other information to provide a basis for decision-making provides credible but non-specific threats, or provides in-depth analysis on a specific topic, trend, or development for decision-making and policy support.
assessment agent — The organization responsible for conducting an assessment of an approved joint publication. Also called AA.
asset - person, structure, facility, information, material, or process that has value includes: contracts, facilities, property, records, unobligated or unexpended balances of appropriations, and other funds or resources, personnel, intelligence, technology, or physical infrastructure, or anything useful that contributes to the success of something, such as an organizational mission; assets are things of value or properties to which value can be assigned; from an intelligence standpoint, includes any resource – person, group, relationship, instrument, installation, or supply – at the disposition of an intelligence organization for use in an operational or support role.
asset - property of a debtor, but does not include—(A) property to the extent it is encumbered by a valid lien;(B) property to the extent it is generally exempt under nonbankruptcy law; or(C) an interest in real property held in tenancy by the entirety, or as part of a community estate, to extent such interest is not subject to process by the United States holding a claim against only one tenant or co-owner.
asset costs - the capitalizable costs of an asset, including construction costs, acquisition costs, and other such costs capitalized in accordance with GAAP.
asset management - The planned acquisition, efficient utilization, physical accounting, and appropriate disposition of U.S. Government-owned personal property.
asset retirement obligation - environmental liability caused by costs for future environmental obligations associated with permanent or temporary closure or shutdown of associated Property, Plant, and Equipment (PP&E).
asset validation — In intelligence use, the process used to determine the asset authenticity, reliability, utility, suitability, and degree of control the case officer or others have.
asset visibility - Provides users with information on the location, movement, status, and identity of units, personnel, equipment, and supplies, which facilitates the capability to act upon that information to improve overall performance of the Department of Defense’s logistics practices. Also called AV.
assets - contracts, facilities, property, records, unobligated or unexpended balances of appropriations, and other funds or resources (other than personnel).
assign - 1. To place units or personnel in an organization where such placement is relatively permanent, and/ or where such organization controls and administers the units or personnel for the primary function, or greater portion of the functions, of the unit or personnel. 2. To detail individuals to specific duties or functions where such duties or functions are primary and/ or relatively permanent. See also attach.
assignment - A task given to a resource to perform within a given operational period that is based on operational objectives defined in the Incident Action Plan.
assignment of claims - the transfer or making over by the contractor to a bank, trust company, or other financing institution, as security for a loan to the contractor, of its right to be paid by the Government for contract performance.
assist - any of the following if supplied directly or indirectly, and free of charge or at reduced cost, by the buyer of imported merchandise for use in connection with the production or the sale for export to the United States of the merchandise: (i) Materials, components, parts, and similar items incorporated in the imported merchandise. (ii) Tools, dies, molds, and similar items used in the production of the imported merchandise. (iii) Merchandise consumed in the production of the imported merchandise.(iv) Engineering, development, artwork, design work, and plans and sketches that are undertaken elsewhere than in the United States and are necessary for the production of the imported merchandise. (B) No service or work shall be treated as an assist if such service or work — (i) is performed by an individual who is domiciled within the United States; (ii) is performed by that individual while he is acting as an employee or agent of the buyer of the imported merchandise; and (iii) is incidental to other engineering, development, artwork, design work, or plans or sketches that are undertaken within the United States. (C) the following apply in determining the value of assists: (i) The value of an assist that is available in the public domain is the cost of obtaining copies of the assist. (ii) If the production of an assist occurred in the United States and one or more foreign countries, the value of the assist is the value thereof that is added outside the United States.
assistance - a grant, contract, or cooperative agreement.

or in part, by the Secretary concerned for any course of advanced education provided by any public or private educational institution or other entity, but such term does not include the payment for any course of advanced education which is paid for under chapter 106 or 107 of this title.

assistance - The President is authorized to provide assistance, including providing such assistance through international or nongovernmental organizations, for programs in developing countries to provide basic care and services for orphans and other vulnerable children. Such programs should provide assistance.
assistance - the transfer of anything of value for a public purpose of support or stimulation that is — (A ) authorized by a law of the United States; (B) provided by the United States Government through grant or contractual arrangements (including technical assistance programs providing assistance by loan, loan guarantee, or insurance); and (C) not an annual payment by the United States Government to the District of Columbia government.
assistance or benefits - the transfer of money, property, services, or anything of value, the principal purpose of which is to accomplish a public purpose of support or stimulation authorized by Federal statute. Assistance includes, but is not limited to grants, loans, loan guarantees, scholarships, mortgage loans, insurance, and other types of financial assistance; provision or donation of Federal facilities, goods, services, property, technical assistance, counseling, statistical, and other expert information; and service activities of regulatory agencies. It does not include provision of conventional public information services.
assistant to or special assistant positions - provide staff assistance to the principal position rather than participate with the principal in the direct management and supervision of the work of the organization.
assisted acquisition - a type of interagency acquisition where a servicing agency performs acquisition activities on a requesting agency’s behalf, such as awarding and administering a contract, task order, or delivery order.
assisted living services - services in a facility that provides room and board and personal care for and supervision of residents as necessary for the health, safety, and welfare of residents.
assisted reproductive technology -all treatments or procedures which include the handling of human oocytes or embryos, including in vitro fertilization, gamete intrafallopian transfer, zygote intrafallopian transfer, and such other specific technologies as the Secretary may include in this defined, after making public any proposed defined in such manner as to facilitate comment from any person (including any Federal or other public agency).
assistive technology - item, piece of equipment, or system, whether acquired commercially, modified, or customized, commonly used to increase, maintain, or improve functional capabilities of individuals with disabilities
assistive technology service - any service that directly assists an individual with a disability in the selection, acquisition, or use of an assistive technology device. Such term includes—(A) the evaluation of the assistive technology needs of an individual with a disability, including a functional evaluation of the impact of the provision of appropriate assistive technology and appropriate services to the individual in the customary environment of the individual; (B) a service consisting of purchasing, leasing, or otherwise providing for the acquisition of assistive technology devices by individuals with disabilities; (C) a service consisting of selecting, designing, fitting, customizing, adapting, applying, maintaining, repairing, replacing, or donating assistive technology devices; (D) coordination and use of necessary therapies, interventions, or services with assistive technology devices, such as therapies, interventions, or services associated with education and rehabilitation plans and programs; (E) training or technical assistance for an individual with a disability or, where appropriate, the family members, guardians, advocates, or authorized representatives of such an individual; (F) training or technical assistance for professionals (including individuals providing education and rehabilitation services and entities that manufacture or sell assistive technology devices), employers, providers of employment and training services, or other individuals who provide services to, employ, or are otherwise substantially involved in the major life functions of individuals with disabilities; and (G) a service consisting of expanding the availability of access to technology, including electronic and information technology, to individuals with disabilities.
associate degree school of nursing - a department, division, or other administrative unit in a junior college, community college, college, or university which provides primarily or exclusively a two- year program of education in professional nursing and allied subjects leading to an associate degree in nursing or to an equivalent degree, but only if such program, or such unit, college, or university is accredited.
associate nation - any nation at war with any nation with which the United States is at war.
associated - an officer, director, partner, or other member or employee of that firm.
associated contents- (A) the equipment, cargo, and contents of a sunken military craft that are within its debris field; and (B) the remains and personal effects of the crew and passengers of a sunken military craft that are within its debris field.
associated equipment - equipment necessary for the regeneration, refueling, or recharging of batteries or other forms of electric energy used to power an electric motor vehicle and, in the case of electric- hybrid vehicles, such term includes nonpetroleum-related equipment necessary for, and solely related to, the demonstration of such vehicles.
associated person of a swap dealer or major swap participant - a person associated with a swap dealer or major swap participant as a partner, officer, employee, or agent (or any person occupying a similar status or performing similar functions), in any capacity that involves (i) the solicitation or acceptance of swaps; or (ii) the supervision of any person or persons so engaged.
associated records - in regard to an exported good under paragraph (2), records associated with — (i) the purchase of, cost of, value of, and payment for, the good; (ii) the purchase of, cost of, value of, and payment for, all material, including indirect materials, used in the production of the good; and (iii) the production of the good.
associated transit improvement - with respect to any project or an area to be served by a project, projects that are designed to enhance public transportation service or use and that are physically or functionally related to transit facilities.
association - an organization maintained by or in the interest of a group of pipeline carriers that performs a service, or engages in activities, related to transportation under this part.
assume any and all liability- (A) the payment of—(i) any judgment, settlement, fine, penalty, or cost assessment (including prevailing party legal fees) associated with the applicable litigation; and (ii) any cost incurred in handling the applicable litigation (including legal fees); and (B) with respect to a Federal firefighter, arranging for, and paying the costs of, representation in the applicable litigation.
assumption - a supposition on the current situation or a presupposition on the future course of events, either or both assumed to be true in the absence of positive proof, necessary to enable the commander in the process of planning to complete an estimate of the situation and make a decision on the course of action.
assumption - A supposition on the current situation or a presupposition on the future course of events, either or both assumed to be true in the absence of positive proof, necessary to enable the commander in the process of planning to complete an estimate of the situation and make a decision on the course of action.
assurance - the agreement of a resettlement agency to sponsor a refugee. This agreement is signed by a designated resettlement agency official and submitted to the Refugee Processing Center (RPC) for forwarding overseas. A copy of the agreement is included in the refugees travel documents for presentation at the port of entry (POE) in the United States.
assurance - With regard to any particular form of electronic signature, assurance refers to- (1) The degree of confidence in the vetting process used to establish the identity of the individual to whom the credential was issued; and (2) The degree of confidence that the individual who uses the credential is the individual to whom the credential was issued.
assured access - a requirement for critical national security, homeland security, and civil missions and is defined as a sufficiently robust, responsive, and resilient capability to allow continued space operations, consistent with risk management and affordability. The Secretary of Defense and the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, as appropriate, are responsible for assuring access to space.
asylee - a person meeting the definition of an individual physically present in the United States who has been granted asylum under INA.
asylum - form of protection provided to aliens physically present in the United States who meet the definition of refugee under INA and are not otherwise barred from applying for or receiving asylum the term “refugee” means (A) any person who is outside his or her country of nationality, or having no nationality is outside the country he or she last habitually resided and who cannot return to that country because he or she is unable or unwilling to avail himself or herself of the protection of that country because of persecution or a well-founded fear of persecution on account of race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or political opinion, or (B) in such special circumstances as the President after appropriate consultation may specify, any person who is within the country of such person's nationality or, in the case of a person having no nationality, within the country in which such person is habitually residing, and who is persecuted or who has a well- founded fear of persecution on account of race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or political opinion; a person who has been forced to abort a pregnancy or to undergo involuntary sterilization, or who has been persecuted for failure or refusal to undergo such a procedure or for other resistance to a coercive population control program, shall be deemed to have been persecuted on account of political opinion, and a person who has a well founded fear that he or she will be forced to undergo such a procedure or subject to persecution for such failure, refusal, or resistance shall be deemed to have a well founded fear of persecution on account of political opinion; the term refugee does not include any person who ordered, incited, assisted, or otherwise participated in the persecution of any person on account of race, religion, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or political opinion.
asylum and refugee information - information contained in or pertaining to asylum applications, credible fear determinations, reasonable fear determinations, and refugee applications includes applications for relief under the Convention Against Torture, withholding of removal, and asylee/ refugee follow-to-join petitions.
asylum officer - an immigration officer who — (i) has had professional training in country conditions, asylum law, and interview techniques comparable to that provided to full-time adjudicators of applications, and (ii) is supervised by an officer who meets the condition described in clause (i) and has had substantial experience adjudicating asylum applications.
asymmetric - In military operations the application of dissimilar strategies, tactics, capabilities, and methods to circumvent or negate an opponent’s strengths while exploiting his weaknesses.
at any tier - any subcontractor other than a subcontractor who is a first tier subcontractor.
at risk of homelessness - with respect to an individual or family, the individual or family — (A) has income below 30 percent of median income for the geographic area; (B) has insufficient resources immediately available to attain housing stability; and (C)(i) has moved frequently because of economic reasons; (ii) is living in the home of another because of economic hardship; (iii) has been notified that their right to occupy their current housing or living situation will be terminated; (iv) lives in a hotel or motel; (v) lives in severely overcrowded housing; (vi) is exiting an institution; or (vii) otherwise lives in housing that has characteristics associated with instability and an increased risk of homelessness. Includes all families with children and youth defined as homeless under other Federal statutes.
atmospheric environment - The envelope of air surrounding the Earth, including its interfaces and interactions with the Earth’s solid or liquid surface.
atomic energy - all forms of energy released in the course of nuclear fission or nuclear transformation.
atomic weapon - any device utilizing atomic energy, exclusive of the means for transporting or propelling the device (where such means is a separable and divisible part of the device), the principal purpose of which is for use as, or for development of, a weapon, a weapon prototype, or a weapon test device.
atomic weapon - any device utilizing atomic energy, exclusive of the means for transporting or propelling the device (where such means is a separable and divisible part of the device), the principal purpose of which is for use as, or for development of, a weapon, a weapon prototype, or a weapon test device.
atomic weapons employee – (A) An individual employed by an atomic weapons employer during a period when the employer was processing or producing, for the use by the United States, material that emitted radiation and was used in the production of an atomic weapon, excluding uranium mining and milling. (B) An individual employed — (i) at a facility with respect to which the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, in its report dated October 2003 and titled Report on Residual Radioactive and Beryllium Contamination at Atomic Weapons Employer Facilities and Beryllium Vendor Facilities, or any update to that report, found that there is a potential for significant residual contamination outside of the period in which weapons-related production occurred; (ii) by an atomic weapons employer or subsequent owner or operators of a facility described in clause (i); and (iii) during a period, as specified in such report or any update to such report, of potential for significant residual radioactive contamination at such facility.
atomic weapons employer - an entity, other than the United States, that — (A) processed or produced, for use by the United States, material that emitted radiation and was used in the production of an atomic weapon, excluding uranium mining and milling; and (B) is designated by the Secretary of Energy as an atomic weapons employer for purposes of the compensation program.
atomic weapons employer facility - a facility, owned by an atomic weapons employer, that is or was used to process or produce, for use by the United States, material that emitted radiation and was used in the production of an atomic weapon, excluding uranium mining or milling.
at-risk- (with respect to a child, youth, or student) a school aged individual who is at-risk of academic failure, dependency adjudication, or delinquency adjudication, has a drug or alcohol problem, is pregnant or is a parent, has come into contact with the juvenile justice system or child welfare system in the past, is at least 1 year behind the expected grade level for the age of the individual, is an English learner, is a gang member, has dropped out of school in the past, or has a high absenteeism rate at school.
at-risk individual - an individual who—

(A)(i) as demonstrated in such manner as the Secretary determines appropriate, has been present for an aggregate total of 6 months in the geographic area subject to an emergency declaration, during a period ending — (I) not less than 10 years prior to the date of such individual's application under subparagraph (B); and (II) prior to the implementation of all the remedial and removal actions specified in the Record of Decision for Operating Unit 4 and the Record of Decision for Operating Unit 7; or (ii) meets such other criteria as the Secretary determines appropriate considering the type of environmental health condition at issue; and (B) has submitted an application (or has an application submitted on the individual's behalf), to an eligible entity receiving a grant for screening.

at-risk individuals - Persons who, “before, during, and after an incident, . . . may have additional needs in one or more of the following functional areas: communication, medical care, maintaining independence, supervision, and transportation. Includes individuals specifically recognized as at-risk in the Pandemic and All-Hazards Preparedness Act (i.e., children, senior citizens, and pregnant women), individuals who may need additional response assistance including] persons who have disabilities, live in institutionalized settings, are from diverse cultures, have limited English proficiency or are non–English speaking, are transportation disadvantaged, have chronic medical disorders, and have pharmacological dependency.”
at-risk infant or toddler - an individual under 3 years of age who would be at risk of experiencing a substantial developmental delay if early intervention services were not provided to the individual.
attach — 1. The placement of units or personnel in an organization where such placement is relatively temporary. 2. The detailing of individuals to specific functions where such functions are secondary or relatively temporary. See also assign.
attack assessment - An evaluation of information to determine the potential or actual nature and objectives of an attack for the purpose of providing information for timely decisions. See also damage estimation.
attack geography - description of the geography surrounding the improvised explosive device (IED ) incident, such as road segment, buildings, foliage, etc.
attack group - A subordinate task organization of the Navy forces of an amphibious task force composed of amphibious warfare ships and supporting naval units designated to transport, protect, land, and initially support a landing group. JP 3‐09.3 )
attack heading - 1. The interceptor heading during the attack phase that will achieve the desired track- crossing angle. 2. The assigned magnetic compass heading to be flown by aircraft during the delivery phase of an air strike.
attack method - manner and means, including the weapon and delivery method, an adversary may use to cause harm on a target.
attack path - steps that an adversary takes or may take to plan, prepare for, and execute an attack.
attack position - The last position occupied by the assault echelon before crossing the line of departure.
attack the network operations - Lethal and nonlethal actions and operations against networks conducted continuously and simultaneously at multiple levels (tactical, operational, and strategic) that capitalize on or create key vulnerabilities and disrupt activities to eliminate the enemy’s ability to function in order to enable success of the operation or campaign. Also called AtN operations.
attention indicator - A telegraphic handling instruction that appears after a caption or slug line and indicates who at the addressee post should receive a telegram.
attestation - The act of witnessing the execution of an instrument and then signing it as a witness (most commonly seen on wills).
Attorney General - the Attorney General of the United States (or Acting Attorney General), the Deputy Attorney General, or, upon the designation of the Attorney General, the Assistant Attorney General designated as the Assistant Attorney General for National Security.
attribute - An item of data, a fact, or a single piece of information about an entity that quantifies, identifies, classifies, or describes that entity.
attrition rate - measure of shrinkage in size or number.
attrition, personnel - decrease of the number of employees over time (i.e., by fiscal year, annual, by quarter, etc.).
auction company - a person taking possession of a motor vehicle owned by another to sell at an auction.
audience - In public affairs, a broadly-defined group that contains stakeholders and/ or publics relevant to military operations.
audiologic evaluation - procedures to assess the status of the auditory system; to establish the site of the auditory disorder; the type and degree of hearing loss, and the potential effects of hearing loss on communication; and to identify appropriate treatment and referral options. Referral options should include linkage to State IDEA part C coordinating agencies or other appropriate agencies, medical evaluation, hearing aid/ sensory aid assessment, audiologic rehabilitation treatment, national and local consumer, self-help, parent, and education organizations, and other family-centered services.
audiologic rehabilitation (intervention) - procedures, techniques, and technologies to facilitate the receptive and expressive communication abilities of a child with hearing loss.
audiologic rehabilitation and audiologic intervention - procedures, techniques, and technologies to facilitate the receptive and expressive communication abilities of a child with hearing loss.
audit - An interview with one or more employees, and/ or supervisory personnel, to verify or gather information about a position that will provide a reliable basis for the accurate classification of the position. Frequently referred to as a Desk Audit, especially when conducted with the incumbent of the position being reviewed.
audit and accountability - Organizations must- (1) Create, protect, and retain information system audit records to the extent needed to enable the monitoring, analysis, investigation, and reporting of unlawful, unauthorized or inappropriate information system activity; and (2) Ensure that the actions of individual information system users can be uniquely traced to those users so that they can be held accountable for their Also called AU.
audit finding - Deficiencies which the auditor is required to report in the schedule of findings and questioned costs by A-133 ___.510(a).
audit log - A chronological record of system activities. Includes records of system accesses and operations performed in a given period.
audit trail - A record showing who has accessed an Information Technology (IT) System and what operations the user has performed during a given period.
auditee - Any non-federal entity that expends Federal awards, which must be audited under this part.
auditor - A public accountant or a Federal, state, or local government audit organization, which meets the general standards specified in generally accepted government auditing standards (GAGAS). The term auditor does not include internal auditors of non-profit organizations.
auditor - an auditor, that is a public accountant or a Federal, State or local government audit organization, which meets the general standards specified in generally accepted government auditing standards (GAGAS). The term auditor does not include internal auditors of non-profit organizations.
augmentation - to space and/ or ground-based systems that provide users of space-based positioning, navigation, and timing signals with additional information that enables users to obtain enhanced performance when compared to the un-augmented space-based signals alone. These improvements include better accuracy, availability, integrity, and reliability, with independent integrity monitoring and alerting capabilities for critical applications.
augmentation forces - Forces to be transferred from a supporting combatant commander to the combatant command (command authority) or operational control of a supported combatant commander during the execution of an operation order approved by the President and Secretary of Defense.
authenticator - The means used to confirm the identity of a user, processor, or device (e.g., user password or token). (Also, see Multi-factor Authentication).
authenticity - The property of being genuine and being able to be verified and trusted; confidence in the validity of a transmission, a message, or message originator.
authority having jurisdiction - delegated person, organization, or office responsible for administering and enforcing the requirements of a statute, code, standard, or for approving equipment, installations, materials, or procedures.
authority to update - The authority of a new payroll center to acquire an employee's records from the old payroll center when the employee transfers from one center to another under the Consolidated American Payroll Processing System (CAPPS).
authorization - Access privileges granted to a user, program, or process.
authorization - The formal approval of an IT system to process, store, or transmit information granted by a management official. Authorization, which is required under OMB Circular A-130, is based on an assessment of the management, operational, and technical controls associated with an IT system.
authorization - Written authority for travel and related expenses issued prior to commencement of travel.
Authorization Act - A public law passed by Congress and signed by the President that establishes or continues the operation of a federal program or agency either indefinitely or for a specific time period, or that controls obligations or expenditures within a program. Authorization legislation usually is a prerequisite for appropriations acts. An authorization act for the Department usually sets limits on the amounts that can be appropriated, by account; the authorization act does not, however, provide the actual dollars for a program nor does it enable an agency or department to make commitments to spend funds in the future.
authorization boundary - All components of an information system to be authorized for operation by an authorizing official, and excludes separately authorized systems to which the information system is connected.
authorization boundary - all components of an information system to be authorized for operation by an authorizing official. This excludes separately authorized systems to which the information system is connected.
authorization data - Department of Defense military and civilian manpower and equipment resources authorized by law.
authorization inventory - The set of manpower and equipment authorizations associated with one or more organization.
authorization package - the essential information that an authorizing official uses to determine whether to authorize the operation of an information system or the use of a designated set of common controls. At a minimum, the authorization package includes the information system security plan, privacy plan, security control assessment, privacy control assessment, and any relevant plans of action and milestones.
authorization to operate - the official management decision given by a senior Federal official or officials to authorize operation of an information system and to explicitly accept the risk to agency operations (including mission, functions, image, or reputation), agency assets, individuals, other organizations, and the Nation based on the implementation of an agreed-upon set of security and privacy controls. Authorization also applies to common controls inherited by agency information systems.
authorized - having authority, right, or permission pursuant to the provisions of a statute, Executive order, directive of the head of any department or agency engaged in foreign intelligence or counterintelligence activities, order of any United States court, or provisions of any Rule of the House of Representatives or resolution of the Senate which assigns responsibility within the respective House of Congress for the oversight of intelligence activities.
authorized - having authority, right, or permission pursuant to the provisions of a statute, Executive order, directive of the head of any department or agency engaged in foreign intelligence or counterintelligence activities, order of any United States court, or provisions of any Rule of the House of Representatives or resolution of the Senate which assigns responsibility within the respective House of Congress for the oversight of intelligence activities.
authorized access list - A list developed and maintained by the information systems security officer or personnel who are authorized unescorted access to the computer room.
authorized departure — A procedure, short of ordered departure, by which mission employees or dependents or both, are permitted to leave post in advance of normal rotation when the national interests or imminent threat to life require it.
authorized economic operator - party involved in the international movement of goods in whatever function that has been approved by or on behalf of a national customs administration as complying with World Customs Organization (WCO) or equivalent supply chain security standards includes; manufacturers, importers, exporters, brokers, carriers, consolidators, intermediaries, ports, airports, terminal operators, integrated operators, warehouses, and distributors.
authorized official -

(A) any employee or agent of a passenger transportation system or other person with responsibilities relating to the security of such systems; (B) any officer, employee, or agent of the Department of Homeland Security, the Department of Transportation, or the Department of Justice with responsibilities relating to the security of passenger transportation systems; or (C) any Federal, State, or local law enforcement officer.

authorized person classified information - person who has a favorable determination of eligibility for access to classified information and has a need-to-know such information has signed an approved nondisclosure agreement.
authorized services - treatment services and supplemental services.
authorized strength - the largest number of members authorized to be in an armed force, a component, a branch, a grade, or any other category of the armed forces.
authorized user - At the post level, the sponsoring agency must subscribe to ICASS Basic Package and Mail and Messenger Services.
authorizing officer - Any officer who has been delegated the authority to approve travel.
authorizing official - a senior Federal official or executive with the authority to authorize (i.e., assume responsibility for) the operation of an information system or the use a designated set of common controls at an acceptable level of risk to agency operations (including mission, functions, image, or reputation), agency assets, individuals, other organizations, and the Nation.
authorizing official special access program - person with the authority to formally assume responsibility for operating a special access program at an acceptable level of risk.
autism - a developmental disability significantly affecting verbal and nonverbal communication and social interaction, generally evident before age three, that adversely affects a child's educational performance. Other characteristics often associated with autism are engagement in repetitive activities and stereotyped movements, resistance to environmental change or change in daily routines, and unusual responses to sensory experiences. (ii) Autism does not apply if a child's educational performance is adversely affected primarily because the child has an emotional disturbance. (iii) A child who manifests the characteristics of autism after age three could be identified as having autism if the criteria are satisfied.
auto-ferry transportation - intercity rail passenger transportation — (A) of automobiles or recreational vehicles and their occupants; and (B) when space is available, of used unoccupied vehicles.
automated - Electronic; includes applications that automatically enter information from or to a database. This would include HTML or similar versions.
automated cashier program or system - An automated system for entering cashier transactions and tracking cashier accountability balanced with the FSC generated cashier reports.
Automated Clearing House - A nationwide mechanism that processes electronically originated debit and credit transfers for any participating institutions nationwide. This electronic payment delivery system is most often used to process low-dollar, repetitive retail payments and pre-authorized recurring payments such as payroll, corporate payments to vendors, Social Security payments, insurance premium payments and utility payments. The ACH is an alternative to paper checks and handles billions of payments annually. Also called ACH.
Automated Directives System - A continually updated reference consolidating all federal statutes and regulations relevant to USAID's work. Also called ADS. Military Operations Group, Glossary )
Automated Document System - ADS is an automated central database that contains texts of telegrams and written documents about Department policies dating back to 1973. The two basic retrieval files are- (1) Citation file contains summary data on a document. Included are originator, addressee, TAGS, subject line, and ADS-generated number identifying the reel and frame location of the microfilmed text stored by OIS. (2) Text Record file contains texts of telegrams. ADS stores citations to the microfilmed texts of the following types of documents - General memorandums; Memorandums of Conversation; Congressional correspondence; Diplomatic Notes; Technical agreements; Opinion papers; INR reports; General correspondence; and Telegrams. Also called ADS.
automated guideway transit - fixed-guideway transportation system which operates with automated
automated information system - an assembly of computer hardware, software, or firmware configured to collect, create, communicate, compute, disseminate, process, store, or control data or information.
Automated Information System - An assembly of hardware, software, and firmware used to electronically input, process, store, and/ or output data. Examples include - mainframes, servers, desktop workstations, thin clients, and mobile devices (e.g., laptops, e-readers, smartphones, tablets) Typically, system components include, but are not limited to - central processing units (CPUs), monitors, printers, switches, routers, media converters, and removable storage media, such as flash drives. An AIS may also include nontraditional peripheral equipment, such as networked digital copiers, and cameras and audio recording/ playback devices used to transfer data to or from a computer. Also called AIS.
automated information system - an automated information system of the Department of Defense described in the exhibits designated as 'IT-43' in the budget submitted to Congress by the President for fiscal year 1995.
automated knowledge - knowledge acquired or extracted using an automated knowledge acquisition tool.
Automated Repatriation Reporting System — A Defense Manpower Data Center system used to track the status of noncombatant evacuees after they have arrived in an initial safe haven in the United States.
automatic declassification - the declassification of information based solely upon:

(1) the occurrence of a specific date or event as determined by the original classification authority; or (2) the expiration of a maximum time frame for duration of classification established under this order.

automatic declassification - the declassification of information based solely upon:

(1) the occurrence of a specific date or event as determined by the original classification authority; or (2) the expiration of a maximum time frame for duration of classification established under this order.

automatic identification system - a system that is used to satisfy the requirements of the Automatic Identification System under the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, signed at London on November 1, 1974.
automatic identification system - reporting system mandated by International Maritime Organization via a VHF transceiver system.
automatic identification technology - A suite of technologies enabling the automatic capture of data, thereby enhancing the ability to identify, track, document, and control assets (e.g., materiel), deploying and redeploying forces, equipment, personnel, and sustainment cargo. Also called AIT.
automatic identification technology - family of methods employed to automatically identify and collect data regarding a specific item and entering that data into a management information system include; unique identification (UID), radio frequency identification (RFID), biometrics, magnetic stripes, optical character recognition (OCR), smart cards, and voice recognition
automatic knowledge - knowledge recalled and used routinely to solve problems, make decisions, or answer questions spontaneously.
automatic target recognition software - software installed on an advanced imaging technology that produces a generic image of the individual being screened that is the same as the images produced for all other screened individuals.
automobile adaptive equipment program - the program administered by the Secretary of Veterans Affairs.
automobile manufactured by a manufacturer - every automobile manufactured by a person that controls, is controlled by, or is under common control with the manufacturer, but does not include an automobile manufactured by the person that is exported not later than 30 days after the end of the model year in which the automobile is manufactured.
automobile transporter - any vehicle combination designed and used for the transport of assembled highway vehicles, including truck camper units. An automobile transporter shall not be prohibited from the transport of cargo or general freight on a backhaul, so long as it complies with weight limitations for a truck tractor and semitrailer combination.
automotive fuel - liquid fuel of a type distributed for use as a fuel in any motor vehicle.
automotive fuel requirement - with respect to automotive fuel for use in a motor vehicle or a class thereof, imported, manufactured, or assembled by a manufacturer, the minimum automotive fuel rating of such automotive fuel which such manufacturer recommends for the efficient operation of such motor vehicle, or a substantial portion of such class, without knocking.
automotive fuel retailer - any person who markets automotive fuel to the general public for ultimate consumption.
autonomous operation — In air defense, the mode of operation assumed by a unit after it has lost all communications with higher echelons forcing the unit commander to assume full responsibility for control of weapons and engagement of hostile targets.
autopsy - An inspection and dissection of the remains to determine the cause of death.
auxiliary aid and service - service or device that enables qualified individuals with disabilities to have an equal opportunity to participate in, and enjoy the benefits of, programs or activities conducted by the Department.
auxiliary services - mortuary services, veterinary services, and other services that are determined by the Secretary to be appropriate. §300hh–11 )
availability - Ensuring timely and reliable access to and use of information.
available bond denominations - Electronic savings bonds are not sold by denomination. The minimum purchase amount for a savings bond in TreasuryDirect is $25 and the maximum is $5,000. Employees can purchase any amount between $25 and $5,000. Five thousand dollars is the annual limit per savings bond series per person.
available check - A check which has not been paid by Treasury and is in the possession of the certifying or disbursing office.
available check - A U.S. Treasury check which has not been paid by Treasury and is in the possession of the certifying or disbursing office.
available in fact to controlled countries - production or availability of any goods or technology in any country—(A) from which the goods or technology is not restricted for export to any controlled country; or (B) in which such export restrictions are determined by the Secretary to be ineffective.
available in fact to controlled countries - production or availability of any goods or technology in any country—(A) from which the goods or technology is not restricted for export to any controlled country; or (B) in which such export restrictions are determined by the Secretary to be ineffective.
available paid leave - Accrued or accumulated annual or sick leave, and re-credited and restored annual or sick leave. It does not include annual or sick leave advanced to an employee or any annual or sick leave accrued that has not yet been transferred to the appropriate leave account.
available-to-load date - A date specified for each unit in a time-phased force and deployment data indicating when that unit will be ready to load at the point of embarkation. Also called ALD.
avenue of approach - An air or ground route of an attacking force of a given size leading to its objective or to key terrain in its path. Also called AA.
average fuel economy standard - a performance standard specifying a minimum level of average fuel economy applicable to a manufacturer in a model year.
average weekly hours - the average hours worked by the individual (excluding overtime) in the employment from which he has been or claims to have been separated in the 52 weeks (excluding weeks during which the individual was sick or on vacation).
average weekly wage - one-thirteenth of the total wages paid to an individual in the high quarter. For purposes of this computation, the high quarter shall be that quarter in which the individual's total wages were highest among the first 4 of the last 5 completed calendar quarters immediately before the quarter in which occurs the week with respect to which the computation is made. Such week shall be the week in which total separation occurred, or, in cases where partial separation is claimed, an appropriate week, as defined in regulations prescribed by the Secretary.
aviation - Provides revenue for the costs associated with the operation and maintenance of selected aviation assets in the Department.
aviation critical safety item - a part, an assembly, installation equipment, launch equipment, recovery equipment, or support equipment for an aircraft or aviation weapon system if the part, assembly, or equipment contains a characteristic any failure, malfunction, or absence of which could cause a catastrophic or critical failure resulting in the loss of or serious damage to the aircraft or weapon system, an unacceptable risk of personal injury or loss of life, or an uncommanded engine shutdown that jeopardizes safety.
aviation medicine - The special field of medicine which is related to the biological and psychological problems of flight.
aviation quality - the quality of having been manufactured, constructed, produced, maintained, repaired, overhauled, rebuilt, reconditioned, or restored in conformity with applicable standards specified by law (including applicable regulations).
aviation security project - a security project at an airport required by the Department of Homeland Security.
aviation stakeholders - entity that owns and/ or operates aviation infrastructure assets or has responsibilities for the safety, efficiency, and/ or security of the air domain includes Federal, State, local, and tribal government levels as well as international partners and the private sector that own and/ or operate aviation infrastructure assets (including all aviation conveyances, as well as airport facilities and air traffic equipment).
award - financial assistance that provides support or stimulation to accomplish a public purpose. Awards include grants and other agreements in the form of money or property in lieu of money, by the Federal Government to an eligible recipient. The term does not include: technical assistance, which provides services instead of money; other assistance in the form of loans, loan guarantees, interest subsidies, or insurance; direct payments of any kind to individuals; and, contracts which are required to be entered into and administered under procurement laws and regulations.
awarding agency- (a) with respect to a grant, cooperative agreement, or cost reimbursement contract, the Federal agency, and (b) with respect to a subaward, the party that awarded the subaward.
awareness and training - Organizations must -(1) Ensure that managers and users of organizational information systems are made aware of the security risks associated with their activities and of the applicable laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, standards, instructions, regulations or procedures related to the security of organizational information systems; and (2) Ensure that organizational personnel are adequately trained to carry out their assigned information security- related duties and responsibilities. Also called AT.
axis of advance - A line of advance assigned for purposes of control; often a road or a group of roads, or a designated series of locations, extending in the direction of the enemy.

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