Lachrymal gland

Lacrimal Gland

The lacrimal gland is a small, almond-shaped structure located in the upper outer quadrant of the orbit, the bony cavity that houses the eye. It is part of the lacrimal apparatus, which is responsible for the production and drainage of tears.

Anatomy

The lacrimal gland is divided into two parts: the larger orbital part and the smaller palpebral part. The orbital part is located in the lacrimal fossa, a depression in the frontal bone of the orbit. The palpebral part extends into the upper eyelid. The gland is connected to the surface of the eye by a series of small ducts, which carry tears to the eye.

Function

The primary function of the lacrimal gland is to produce the aqueous layer of the tear film, which is essential for the health and nutrition of the cornea and conjunctiva. This layer also contains lysozyme, an enzyme that has antibacterial properties, helping to protect the eye from infection.

Disorders

Disorders of the lacrimal gland can lead to dry eye syndrome, a condition characterized by insufficient tear production. This can result in discomfort, blurred vision, and increased risk of eye infections. Other conditions that can affect the lacrimal gland include dacryoadenitis, an inflammation of the gland, and tumors, both benign and malignant.

Treatment

Treatment for disorders of the lacrimal gland depends on the underlying cause. This may include artificial tears or other medications to increase tear production, surgery to remove blockages or tumors, or radiation therapy for malignant tumors.

See also

• Dry eye syndrome
• Dacryoadenitis
• Tear duct