Leukotriene modifiers

Leukotriene modifiers are a type of drug used in the management of asthma and allergic rhinitis. They work by blocking the action of leukotrienes, which are chemicals in the body that cause inflammation in the lungs and tightening of the airways.

Mechanism of Action

Leukotriene modifiers work by either blocking the receptors that leukotrienes bind to, or by inhibiting the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase, which is involved in the production of leukotrienes. This results in decreased inflammation and relaxation of the airways, making it easier for individuals with asthma or allergic rhinitis to breathe.

Types of Leukotriene Modifiers

There are two main types of leukotriene modifiers: leukotriene receptor antagonists and 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors.

Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists

Leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs) work by blocking the receptors that leukotrienes bind to. This prevents leukotrienes from causing inflammation and constriction of the airways. Examples of LTRAs include montelukast (Singulair) and zafirlukast (Accolate).

5-Lipoxygenase Inhibitors

5-lipoxygenase inhibitors work by inhibiting the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase, which is involved in the production of leukotrienes. This reduces the amount of leukotrienes in the body, thereby reducing inflammation and airway constriction. An example of a 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor is zileuton (Zyflo).

Uses

Leukotriene modifiers are used in the management of asthma and allergic rhinitis. They are typically used when other treatments, such as inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting beta agonists, are not effective or cannot be used.

Side Effects

Like all drugs, leukotriene modifiers can have side effects. These can include headache, nausea, and in rare cases, psychological reactions such as agitation, aggression, hallucinations, depression, and suicidal thinking.

See Also

• Asthma
• Allergic rhinitis
• Leukotrienes
• 5-lipoxygenase
• Montelukast
• Zafirlukast
• Zileuton