Adnexectomy

Adnexectomy

An adnexectomy is a surgical procedure involving the removal of the adnexal structures, which include the ovaries and fallopian tubes. This procedure is often performed to treat various gynecological conditions such as ovarian cysts, endometriosis, ectopic pregnancy, or ovarian cancer.

Indications

Adnexectomy is indicated in several clinical scenarios:

• Ovarian Cysts: Large or persistent ovarian cysts that do not resolve with medical management may require surgical intervention.
• Endometriosis: Severe endometriosis affecting the ovaries or fallopian tubes may necessitate adnexectomy to alleviate symptoms and prevent recurrence.
• Ectopic Pregnancy: In cases where a fertilized egg implants outside the uterus, particularly in the fallopian tubes, adnexectomy may be required to prevent complications.
• Ovarian Cancer: Removal of the ovaries and fallopian tubes is often part of the surgical management of ovarian cancer.

Procedure

Adnexectomy can be performed using different surgical approaches:

• Laparoscopic Adnexectomy: A minimally invasive technique where small incisions are made in the abdomen, and a camera and instruments are used to remove the adnexal structures.
• Laparotomy: A more invasive procedure involving a larger abdominal incision, typically used when there is a need for extensive exploration or when malignancy is suspected.

The choice of procedure depends on the underlying condition, the patient's health status, and the surgeon's expertise.

Risks and Complications

As with any surgical procedure, adnexectomy carries potential risks and complications, including:

• Infection: Postoperative infections can occur, requiring antibiotic treatment.
• Bleeding: There is a risk of bleeding during or after the surgery.
• Damage to Surrounding Organs: The bladder, bowel, or blood vessels may be inadvertently injured during the procedure.
• Adhesions: Scar tissue may form, leading to chronic pain or bowel obstruction.

Recovery

Recovery from adnexectomy varies depending on the surgical approach:

• Laparoscopic Surgery: Patients typically experience a shorter recovery time, with most returning to normal activities within a few weeks.
• Laparotomy: Recovery may take longer, often requiring several weeks before resuming full activities.

Patients are advised to follow their surgeon's postoperative instructions carefully to ensure optimal healing.

Also see

• Hysterectomy
• Salpingectomy
• Oophorectomy
• Gynecologic oncology