Bloodstream infections

Bloodstream infections are a serious condition where a bacteria or virus enters the bloodstream. This can occur through a wound or infection, or through the use of medical devices like catheters. Bloodstream infections can lead to sepsis, a serious and life-threatening complication.

Causes

Bloodstream infections can be caused by a variety of bacteria and viruses. The most common types of bacteria that cause bloodstream infections include Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and certain types of Streptococcus. Viruses, such as HIV and hepatitis B and C, can also cause bloodstream infections.

Symptoms

Symptoms of bloodstream infections can vary depending on the type of bacteria or virus causing the infection. Common symptoms include fever, chills, rapid breathing and heart rate, fatigue, and muscle aches. In severe cases, patients may experience confusion, nausea, and decreased urine output.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of bloodstream infections typically involves blood tests to identify the type of bacteria or virus causing the infection. Other tests, such as imaging tests or lumbar punctures, may be used to determine the source of the infection.

Treatment

Treatment for bloodstream infections typically involves antibiotics or antiviral drugs. In severe cases, patients may require hospitalization and intravenous therapy.

Prevention

Prevention of bloodstream infections involves proper hygiene and wound care. In hospital settings, healthcare workers can help prevent bloodstream infections by following infection control guidelines, such as hand hygiene and proper use of medical devices.

See also

• Sepsis
• Bacteremia
• Septicemia
• Infectious disease

Bloodstream infections Resources
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