Vasopressors

Vasopressors are a group of medicines that constrict (narrow) blood vessels and increase blood pressure. They are used to treat hypotension (low blood pressure), especially in critically ill patients.

Mechanism of action

Vasopressors work by stimulating the muscles in the walls of blood vessels, causing the vessels to constrict. This increases the resistance to blood flow, which in turn increases blood pressure. Some vasopressors also stimulate the heart to beat more forcefully and rapidly, which can further increase blood pressure.

Types of vasopressors

There are several types of vasopressors, including:

• Epinephrine (also known as adrenaline)
• Norepinephrine (also known as noradrenaline)
• Dopamine
• Vasopressin
• Phenylephrine

Each of these drugs has a slightly different mechanism of action, but all work to increase blood pressure.

Uses

Vasopressors are used in a variety of medical situations, including:

• Septic shock
• Cardiogenic shock
• Anaphylaxis
• During certain types of surgery to maintain blood pressure

Side effects

Like all medicines, vasopressors can have side effects. These can include:

• Arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats)
• Decreased blood flow to the limbs
• Ischemia (reduced blood flow to the heart)
• Hyperglycemia (high blood sugar)

See also

• Inotrope
• Chronotrope
• Dromotrope

Vasopressors Resources
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