Chronic kidney failure

Chronic kidney failure, also known as chronic kidney disease (CKD), is a long-term condition where the kidneys do not work effectively. It is a serious condition that can lead to renal failure and requires ongoing management to slow its progression.

Causes

Chronic kidney failure can be caused by a number of conditions that put the kidneys at risk. These include diabetes, high blood pressure, glomerulonephritis, and polycystic kidney disease. In addition, certain genetic disorders, autoimmune diseases, and systemic infections can also lead to chronic kidney failure.

Symptoms

The symptoms of chronic kidney failure can vary greatly depending on the stage of the disease. Early stages may not present any symptoms at all. As the disease progresses, symptoms may include fatigue, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and swelling in the legs and feet. In advanced stages, symptoms can include anemia, bone disease, and high blood pressure.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of chronic kidney failure typically involves a combination of blood tests, urine tests, and imaging tests. These tests can help determine the level of kidney function and the cause of the kidney damage.

Treatment

Treatment for chronic kidney failure focuses on slowing the progression of the kidney damage and managing symptoms. This can involve lifestyle changes, medication, and in some cases, dialysis or kidney transplant.

Prognosis

The prognosis for chronic kidney failure depends on the underlying cause, the stage of the disease at diagnosis, and the individual's overall health. With early detection and proper management, many people with chronic kidney failure can lead active and healthy lives.

See also

• Acute kidney failure
• Kidney disease
• Renal physiology
• Nephrology