Chronic traumatic encephalopathy

From WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia


Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that has been associated with repetitive head trauma, such as that experienced by athletes involved in contact sports and military veterans. CTE is characterized by the accumulation of an abnormal form of the tau protein in the brain, leading to a range of cognitive, behavioral, and emotional symptoms. The disease can only be definitively diagnosed through post-mortem examination of the brain.

Symptoms[edit | edit source]

  • Symptoms of chronic traumatic encephalopathy may vary among individuals but can include:
  • Memory loss
  • Confusion
  • Impaired judgment
  • Aggression
  • Depression
  • Anxiety
  • Impulse control problems
  • Suicidal behavior
  • The severity of symptoms and the rate of disease progression can differ significantly among affected individuals.

Causes and risk factors[edit | edit source]

  • CTE is believed to be caused by repetitive head trauma, which can result in the accumulation of an abnormal form of the tau protein in the brain. This accumulation is thought to disrupt normal brain function and contribute to the development of symptoms. Factors that may increase the risk of developing CTE include:
  • A history of head injuries, including concussions and sub-concussive impacts
  • Participation in contact sports, such as American football, boxing, rugby, and ice hockey
  • Military service, particularly if exposed to blast injuries or other forms of head trauma
  • Genetic predisposition

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

  • Currently, the diagnosis of chronic traumatic encephalopathy can only be definitively made through a post-mortem neuropathological examination of the brain. Researchers are working to develop diagnostic criteria and imaging techniques that may allow for the identification of CTE in living individuals.

Treatment[edit | edit source]

  • There is no cure for chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and treatment focuses on managing symptoms and providing supportive care. This may include:
  • Medications to manage symptoms, such as antidepressants, anti-anxiety medications, or medications to address cognitive dysfunction
  • Psychotherapy to address emotional and behavioral symptoms
  • Occupational therapy and cognitive rehabilitation to improve daily functioning
  • Supportive care for individuals and their families
  • Prevention of head injuries, particularly in contact sports and military service, is critical for reducing the risk of CTE.

Prevalence[edit | edit source]

  • The prevalence of chronic traumatic encephalopathy is unknown, as the disease can only be diagnosed post-mortem. However, research has primarily reported cases of CTE in athletes involved in contact sports and military veterans.

See also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

External links[edit | edit source]

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy Resources



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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD