Erosive osteoarthritis

Erosive Osteoarthritis (EOA) is a form of Osteoarthritis that is characterized by the erosion and destruction of the joint surfaces. It is a more severe and aggressive form of osteoarthritis, and is also known as inflammatory osteoarthritis due to the presence of inflammation in the affected joints.

Etiology

The exact cause of erosive osteoarthritis is unknown, but it is believed to be a result of a combination of genetic, environmental, and hormonal factors. It is more common in women, particularly those in the post-menopausal stage, suggesting a possible role of hormonal changes in its development.

Pathophysiology

In erosive osteoarthritis, the normal process of bone remodeling is disrupted, leading to the erosion of the joint surfaces. This is accompanied by inflammation, which further damages the joint tissues and contributes to the symptoms of pain and stiffness. The joints most commonly affected are the hands, particularly the distal interphalangeal joints.

Clinical Features

The main symptoms of erosive osteoarthritis are pain, stiffness, and swelling in the affected joints. These symptoms are often worse in the morning or after periods of inactivity. In severe cases, the affected joints may become deformed, leading to loss of function and disability.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of erosive osteoarthritis is based on the clinical symptoms, physical examination, and imaging studies. X-ray imaging can reveal the characteristic erosions and joint space narrowing, while Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) can provide more detailed information about the extent of joint damage and inflammation.

Treatment

The treatment of erosive osteoarthritis is aimed at relieving the symptoms and slowing the progression of joint damage. This may include Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to reduce pain and inflammation, physical therapy to improve joint function, and in severe cases, surgery to repair or replace the damaged joints.

Prognosis

The prognosis of erosive osteoarthritis varies depending on the severity of the disease and the response to treatment. With appropriate management, most people with erosive osteoarthritis can lead a normal life. However, in severe cases, the disease can lead to significant disability and reduced quality of life.

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