Hemorrhagic colitis

Hemorrhagic colitis is a form of gastroenteritis, an inflammation of the intestine, resulting in severe diarrhea, abdominal pains, and bloody stool. It is caused by the Escherichia coli bacteria, specifically the O157:H7 strain.

Causes

Hemorrhagic colitis is caused by the Escherichia coli O157:H7 strain. This strain produces a toxin that causes damage to the lining of the intestine. The bacteria is often contracted through contaminated food or water, or through contact with animals or people who carry the bacteria.

Symptoms

The symptoms of hemorrhagic colitis include severe diarrhea, abdominal pains, and bloody stool. These symptoms usually appear within 3 to 4 days after exposure to the bacteria. In severe cases, the disease can lead to hemolytic uremic syndrome, a serious condition that can cause kidney failure.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of hemorrhagic colitis is made through a stool culture. The Escherichia coli O157:H7 strain can be identified in the stool of a person who has the disease.

Treatment

Treatment for hemorrhagic colitis is primarily supportive, including rest and hydration. Antibiotics are not typically used, as they can increase the risk of hemolytic uremic syndrome. In severe cases, hospitalization may be required.

Prevention

Prevention of hemorrhagic colitis involves proper food handling and preparation, as well as good personal hygiene. This includes washing hands thoroughly after using the bathroom, changing diapers, and before preparing or eating food.

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