Primary Biliary Cirrhosis

Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) is a chronic disease that causes the bile ducts in the liver to become inflamed and damaged and ultimately disappear. This condition is classified as an autoimmune disease, which means it occurs when the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy cells.

Etiology

The exact cause of PBC is unknown, but it is believed to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Some researchers believe that the disease may be triggered by an infection or exposure to certain chemicals.

Symptoms

Symptoms of PBC can vary greatly from person to person. Some people may have no symptoms at all, while others may experience fatigue, itching, and discomfort in the upper right part of the abdomen. As the disease progresses, it can lead to jaundice, which is a yellowing of the skin and eyes.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of PBC is typically made through a combination of blood tests, imaging studies, and sometimes a liver biopsy. Blood tests can detect the presence of certain antibodies that are often present in people with PBC. Imaging studies, such as an ultrasound or a CT scan, can provide a detailed view of the liver and bile ducts.

Treatment

While there is no cure for PBC, treatments can help manage symptoms and slow the progression of the disease. Medications such as ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) or obeticholic acid (OCA) can help reduce the buildup of bile in the liver. In severe cases, a liver transplant may be necessary.

Prognosis

The prognosis for PBC can vary depending on the stage of the disease and the individual's overall health. With early diagnosis and treatment, many people with PBC can lead a normal life.

See also

• Liver disease
• Autoimmune disease
• Bile duct