Mediterranean anemia

Mediterranean Anemia, also known as Thalassemia, is a genetic blood disorder that affects the body's ability to produce hemoglobin and red blood cells. This condition is prevalent in the Mediterranean region, hence the name.

Symptoms

The symptoms of Mediterranean Anemia can vary from mild to severe. They typically include fatigue, weakness, pale or yellowish skin, facial bone deformities, slow growth, abdominal swelling, and dark urine.

Causes

Mediterranean Anemia is caused by mutations in the DNA of cells that make hemoglobin — the substance in your red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout your body. The mutations associated with Mediterranean Anemia result in reduced amounts of this protein, which in turn causes a shortage of functioning red blood cells.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Mediterranean Anemia is typically done through a complete blood count (CBC) and a hemoglobin electrophoresis. Genetic testing may also be done to determine if a person is a carrier of the disease or to confirm the diagnosis in a person with symptoms.

Treatment

Treatment for Mediterranean Anemia typically involves regular blood transfusions, iron chelation therapy to remove excess iron from the body, and folic acid supplements. In severe cases, a bone marrow transplant may be considered.

See Also

• Hemoglobin
• Genetic disorder
• Blood transfusion
• Bone marrow transplant

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