Dermatomyositis

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Calcification from dermatomyositis
X-Ray of the knee in a person with dermatomyositis.
Micrograph of dermatomyositis. Muscle biopsy. H&E stain.

Dermatomyositis (DM) is a chronic inflammatory disorder that primarily affects muscles and skin.

Overview[edit | edit source]

Dermatomyositis is characterized by a distinctive skin rash and progressive muscle weakness, which may occur suddenly or develop gradually over months. Additional symptoms might include weight loss, fever, lung inflammation, or light sensitivity. Complications can involve calcium deposits in muscles or skin.

Etiology[edit | edit source]

The exact cause of dermatomyositis remains unknown. It is postulated to be an autoimmune disease or potentially triggered by a viral infection, categorizing it as a type of inflammatory myopathy.

Diagnosis[edit | edit source]

Diagnosis of dermatomyositis typically relies on a combination of symptomatology, blood tests, electromyography, and muscle biopsies.

Treatment[edit | edit source]

While there is currently no cure for dermatomyositis, various treatment strategies can alleviate symptoms. These may include medication, physical therapy, exercise, heat therapy, orthotics, assistive devices, and rest. Corticosteroids are commonly used, with additional agents such as methotrexate or azathioprine recommended if steroid therapy is insufficient. Intravenous immunoglobulin may also be beneficial. The condition may improve with treatment, and in some cases, it may resolve completely.

Epidemiology[edit | edit source]

Dermatomyositis affects approximately 1 per 100,000 people each year. It commonly presents in individuals in their 40s and 50s, with a higher incidence in women than men. However, it can affect individuals of any age. The condition was first described in the 1800s.

See Also[edit | edit source]

Dermatomyositis Resources
Wikipedia

External links[edit | edit source]

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Classification
External resources


Dermatomyositis Resources
Wikipedia



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Contributors: Prab R. Tumpati, MD