Ampulla of ductus deferens

Ampulla of ductus deferens is an enlarged portion of the ductus deferens, a tube that transports sperm from the epididymis in anticipation of ejaculation. The ampulla is located at the terminal part of the ductus deferens, just before it joins the seminal vesicle to form the ejaculatory duct.

Anatomy

The ampulla of ductus deferens is a dilated, sac-like structure that is approximately 2 cm in length. It is located in the pelvic cavity, posterior to the bladder and superior to the prostate gland. The ampulla stores sperm before ejaculation and contributes to the volume of the semen.

Function

The primary function of the ampulla of ductus deferens is to serve as a storage and maturation site for sperm. During sexual arousal, smooth muscle in the wall of the ampulla contracts, propelling sperm forward into the ejaculatory duct. The ampulla also secretes a fluid that helps to nourish and protect the sperm.

Clinical significance

The ampulla of ductus deferens can be affected by various medical conditions. For example, congenital absence of the ampulla can lead to male infertility. In addition, inflammation or infection of the ampulla can cause pain and discomfort. The ampulla is also a target in vasectomy, a surgical procedure for male sterilization.

See also

• Male reproductive system
• Spermatozoon
• Vasectomy