NADAC

Detailed information about the N501Y mutation in the context of SARS-CoV-2.

N501Y Mutation

The N501Y mutation is a specific change in the genetic sequence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. This mutation occurs in the spike protein of the virus, which is crucial for the virus's ability to infect host cells.

Genetic Basis

The N501Y mutation involves a substitution of the amino acid asparagine (N) with tyrosine (Y) at position 501 in the spike protein. This change is located in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein, which directly interacts with the ACE2 receptor on human cells.

Impact on Viral Function

The N501Y mutation is significant because it enhances the binding affinity of the spike protein to the ACE2 receptor. This increased affinity can lead to higher transmissibility of the virus, as it may facilitate more efficient entry into host cells. Studies have shown that variants containing the N501Y mutation, such as the Alpha variant (B.1.1.7), have been associated with increased spread and potentially higher viral loads in infected individuals.

Variants Containing N501Y

Several notable SARS-CoV-2 variants contain the N501Y mutation, including:

• The Alpha variant (B.1.1.7), first identified in the United Kingdom.
• The Beta variant (B.1.351), first identified in South Africa.
• The Gamma variant (P.1), first identified in Brazil.

These variants have been classified as Variants of Concern by the World Health Organization due to their increased transmissibility and potential impact on public health measures.

Implications for Vaccines and Treatments

The presence of the N501Y mutation in SARS-CoV-2 variants has raised concerns about the efficacy of existing COVID-19 vaccines and monoclonal antibody treatments. While current vaccines have shown effectiveness against these variants, ongoing research is necessary to monitor potential changes in vaccine efficacy. Some monoclonal antibody treatments may be less effective against variants with the N501Y mutation, necessitating adjustments in therapeutic strategies.

Also see

• SARS-CoV-2 spike protein
• COVID-19 pandemic
• Variants of Concern
• Receptor-binding domain
• ACE2 receptor