Peritoneal effusion

Peritoneal effusion, also known as ascites, is a medical condition characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity. This condition is most commonly caused by cirrhosis, cancer, or heart failure.

Causes

The most common cause of peritoneal effusion is cirrhosis, a chronic liver disease. Other causes include cancer, particularly of the ovaries, pancreas, or liver, and heart failure. Less common causes include tuberculosis, pancreatitis, and certain autoimmune diseases.

Symptoms

Symptoms of peritoneal effusion can vary depending on the underlying cause and the amount of fluid accumulated. Common symptoms include abdominal distension, discomfort or pain, and shortness of breath. Other symptoms may include fatigue, nausea, and weight gain.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of peritoneal effusion typically involves a physical examination, medical history, and imaging tests such as ultrasound or CT scan. In some cases, a sample of the fluid may be taken for analysis, a procedure known as paracentesis.

Treatment

Treatment for peritoneal effusion focuses on managing the underlying cause and relieving symptoms. This may involve medications, dietary changes, or in severe cases, procedures to drain the fluid or surgery.

See also

• Cirrhosis
• Ovarian cancer
• Heart failure
• Tuberculosis
• Pancreatitis
• Autoimmune diseases