Raynaud's phenomenon

Raynaud's phenomenon is a medical condition that affects the blood supply to certain parts of the body, usually the fingers and toes. It is named after the French physician Auguste Gabriel Maurice Raynaud, who first described the condition in 1862.

Symptoms

The main symptoms of Raynaud's phenomenon are a change in skin color to white or blue in the affected areas, a feeling of numbness, and a sensation of cold. These symptoms are usually triggered by cold temperatures or stress. In severe cases, the lack of blood flow can cause sores or tissue death.

Causes

Raynaud's phenomenon can be classified into two types: primary and secondary. Primary Raynaud's is the most common type and occurs without an associated disease. Secondary Raynaud's, also known as Raynaud's disease, is less common and is associated with other medical conditions, most commonly autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of Raynaud's phenomenon is based on the symptoms and a physical examination. In some cases, additional tests may be needed to rule out other conditions or to determine if the Raynaud's is primary or secondary.

Treatment

The treatment of Raynaud's phenomenon focuses on preventing episodes and managing symptoms. This can be achieved through lifestyle changes, such as avoiding cold temperatures and stress, and medication. In severe cases, surgery may be required.

See also

• Vasospasm
• Frostbite
• Chilblains

References

Raynaud's phenomenon Resources
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