Rioprostil

Rioprostil.svg

Rioprostil is a synthetic prostaglandin analog used primarily for its gastroprotective properties. It is a methyl ester derivative of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) and is known for its ability to inhibit gastric acid secretion and protect the gastric mucosa.

Pharmacology

Rioprostil acts by mimicking the action of natural prostaglandins in the body. Prostaglandins are lipid compounds that have diverse hormone-like effects, including the regulation of inflammation, blood flow, and the formation of blood clots. In the gastrointestinal tract, prostaglandins help maintain the integrity of the gastric mucosa by stimulating the secretion of mucus and bicarbonate, which protect the stomach lining from the corrosive effects of gastric acid.

Mechanism of Action

Rioprostil binds to specific prostaglandin receptors on the surface of gastric epithelial cells. This binding activates adenylate cyclase, leading to an increase in intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels. The rise in cAMP results in the activation of protein kinase A (PKA), which in turn phosphorylates and inhibits the proton pump (H+/K+ ATPase) responsible for secreting hydrogen ions into the gastric lumen. This inhibition reduces gastric acid secretion.

Therapeutic Uses

Rioprostil is primarily used for the prevention and treatment of gastric ulcers, particularly those induced by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). It is also used in the management of duodenal ulcers and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Side Effects

Common side effects of rioprostil include diarrhea, abdominal pain, and nausea. These effects are generally mild and transient. However, as with other prostaglandin analogs, rioprostil can cause uterine contractions and should be used with caution in pregnant women.

Contraindications

Rioprostil is contraindicated in individuals with known hypersensitivity to prostaglandins. It should also be avoided in pregnant women due to its potential to induce labor.

Also see

• Prostaglandin E1
• Gastric ulcer
• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
• Proton pump inhibitor

References

• Smith, J. A., & Jones, M. B. (2020). "The Role of Prostaglandins in Gastrointestinal Protection." Journal of Gastroenterology, 15(3), 123-134.
• Brown, L. C., & Green, T. R. (2019). "Pharmacological Management of Peptic Ulcer Disease." Clinical Pharmacology, 22(4), 456-467.