Billroth operation II
Billroth II Operation
The Billroth II operation, also known as a gastrojejunostomy, is a surgical procedure that involves the resection of the distal portion of the stomach and the creation of an anastomosis between the stomach and the jejunum. This procedure is typically performed to treat conditions such as peptic ulcer disease, gastric cancer, or other gastric pathologies that necessitate the removal of the distal stomach.
History[edit | edit source]
The Billroth II operation is named after the Austrian surgeon Theodor Billroth, who was a pioneer in the field of abdominal surgery. Billroth performed the first successful gastrectomy in 1881, and his techniques laid the foundation for modern gastric surgery.
Indications[edit | edit source]
The Billroth II procedure is indicated in the following conditions:
- Peptic ulcer disease: When medical management fails or complications such as bleeding, perforation, or obstruction occur.
- Gastric cancer: To remove malignant tumors located in the distal stomach.
- Benign gastric tumors: When located in the distal stomach and causing symptoms.
- Chronic gastritis: In cases where there is significant gastric outlet obstruction.
Procedure[edit | edit source]
The Billroth II operation involves several key steps: 1. Resection of the distal stomach: The surgeon removes the lower part of the stomach, including the pylorus. 2. Creation of a gastrojejunostomy: The remaining portion of the stomach is anastomosed to the jejunum, bypassing the duodenum. 3. Closure of the duodenal stump: The duodenal stump is closed to prevent leakage of intestinal contents.
Complications[edit | edit source]
Potential complications of the Billroth II operation include:
- Dumping syndrome: Rapid gastric emptying leading to symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
- Afferent loop syndrome: Obstruction of the afferent loop causing abdominal pain and vomiting.
- Nutritional deficiencies: Due to altered digestion and absorption.
- Anastomotic leak: Leakage at the site of the gastrojejunostomy.
Postoperative Care[edit | edit source]
Postoperative management includes:
- Nutritional support: Monitoring and supplementation of vitamins and minerals.
- Dietary modifications: Small, frequent meals to manage dumping syndrome.
- Regular follow-up: To monitor for complications and nutritional status.
Also see[edit | edit source]
| Health science - Medicine - Gastroenterology - edit |
|---|
| Diseases of the esophagus - stomach |
| Halitosis | Nausea | Vomiting | GERD | Achalasia | Esophageal cancer | Esophageal varices | Peptic ulcer | Abdominal pain | Stomach cancer | Functional dyspepsia | Gastroparesis |
| Diseases of the liver - pancreas - gallbladder - biliary tree |
| Hepatitis | Cirrhosis | NASH | PBC | PSC | Budd-Chiari | Hepatocellular carcinoma | Acute pancreatitis | Chronic pancreatitis | Pancreatic cancer | Gallstones | Cholecystitis |
| Diseases of the small intestine |
| Peptic ulcer | Intussusception | Malabsorption (e.g. Coeliac, lactose intolerance, fructose malabsorption, Whipple's) | Lymphoma |
| Diseases of the colon |
| Diarrhea | Appendicitis | Diverticulitis | Diverticulosis | IBD (Crohn's, Ulcerative colitis) | IBS | Constipation | Colorectal cancer | Hirschsprung's | Pseudomembranous colitis |
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