Chloropropham
An herbicide and plant growth regulator
| IUPAC Name: | Isopropyl 3-chlorophenylcarbamate |
| Other Names: | CIPC, Chlorpropham |
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Chlorpropham (CIPC) is a carbamate herbicide and plant growth regulator primarily used to control sprouting in stored potatoes and as a pre-emergence herbicide in various crops. It is a synthetic compound belonging to the class of phenylcarbamates.
Chemical Properties[edit | edit source]
Chlorpropham is a colorless to pale yellow crystalline solid with a molecular formula of C₁₀H₁₂ClNO₂. It has a melting point of 36 to 40 °C and is sparingly soluble in water, with a solubility of 0.1 g/L. The compound is stable under normal conditions but can decompose upon exposure to light and heat.
Mechanism of Action[edit | edit source]
Chlorpropham functions by inhibiting cell division in plants. It disrupts the microtubule formation during mitosis, which prevents the growth of roots and shoots in germinating seeds. This action makes it effective as a pre-emergence herbicide and as a sprout suppressant in stored potatoes.
Uses[edit | edit source]
Chlorpropham is widely used in agriculture for:
- Sprout Inhibition: It is applied to potatoes to prevent sprouting during storage, thereby extending their shelf life.
- Herbicide: Used as a pre-emergence herbicide to control annual grasses and some broadleaf weeds in crops such as carrots, onions, and tulips.
Safety and Environmental Impact[edit | edit source]
Chlorpropham is considered to have low acute toxicity to humans, but prolonged exposure can cause skin and eye irritation. It is classified as a possible human carcinogen by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). In the environment, chlorpropham can persist in soil and water, potentially affecting non-target organisms.
Regulation[edit | edit source]
The use of chlorpropham is regulated in many countries. In the European Union, its use has been restricted due to concerns about its environmental impact and potential health risks. In the United States, it is registered for use under specific conditions to minimize exposure.
Also see[edit | edit source]
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