Hyperglycaemia

Hyperglycaemia or high blood sugar is a condition in which an excessive amount of glucose circulates in the blood plasma. This is generally a blood sugar level higher than 11.1 mmol/l (200 mg/dl), but symptoms may not start to become noticeable until even higher values such as 15–20 mmol/l (~250–300 mg/dl).

Causes

Hyperglycaemia can be caused by several factors, including:

• Eating too much
• Not taking enough insulin
• Illness or stress
• Infection
• Certain medications

Symptoms

The symptoms of hyperglycaemia include:

• Frequent urination
• Increased thirst
• Blurred vision
• Fatigue
• Headache

Treatment

Treatment for hyperglycaemia involves:

• Monitoring blood sugar levels
• Adjusting diet
• Increasing physical activity
• Medication or insulin therapy

Complications

If left untreated, hyperglycaemia can lead to serious complications, including:

• Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
• Hyperglycaemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome (HHNS)
• Long-term complications

See also

• Diabetes
• Hypoglycaemia
• Blood sugar level
• Insulin

References

Hyperglycaemia Resources
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