Oesophageal reflux

Oesophageal Reflux also known as Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is a chronic condition where stomach acid frequently flows back into the tube connecting your mouth and stomach (oesophagus). This backwash (acid reflux) can irritate the lining of your oesophagus.

Causes

The cause of oesophageal reflux is primarily due to a weak lower esophageal sphincter (LES). The LES is a bundle of muscles at the low end of the oesophagus, where it meets the stomach. When the LES is weak or damaged it may not close properly, allowing stomach acid to flow back into the oesophagus.

Symptoms

Common symptoms of oesophageal reflux include heartburn, regurgitation of food or sour liquid, difficulty swallowing, coughing, wheezing, and chest pain — especially while lying down at night. If you have nighttime acid reflux, you might also experience chronic cough, laryngitis or asthma.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of oesophageal reflux is typically made by a gastroenterologist through a combination of symptom assessment, physical examination, and testing. Tests may include an endoscopy, where a long, flexible tube equipped with a light and camera is used to view the oesophagus.

Treatment

Treatment for oesophageal reflux typically involves lifestyle changes, medications, and in some cases, surgery. Lifestyle changes may include weight loss, avoiding certain foods and drinks that trigger symptoms, and eating smaller meals. Medications may include antacids, H2 receptor blockers, and proton pump inhibitors.

See Also

• Heartburn
• Acid Reflux
• Gastroenterology
• Endoscopy