Reflux esophagitis

Reflux esophagitis is a condition characterized by the inflammation of the esophagus due to the regurgitation of stomach acid. This condition is often associated with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD), a chronic digestive disorder that affects the lower esophageal sphincter.

Causes

Reflux esophagitis is primarily caused by GERD. The lower esophageal sphincter, a ring of muscle at the junction of the esophagus and stomach, normally closes as soon as food passes through it. If this sphincter doesn't close well, food, liquid, and stomach acid can leak back into the esophagus. This is called reflux or gastroesophageal reflux, which can cause heartburn and/or inflammation of the esophagus (reflux esophagitis).

Symptoms

The most common symptom of reflux esophagitis is heartburn, a burning sensation in the chest. Other symptoms may include regurgitation of food or sour liquid, difficulty swallowing, coughing, wheezing, and chest pain, especially when lying down or bending over.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of reflux esophagitis is typically based on symptoms. However, in some cases, tests may be needed to confirm the diagnosis or check for complications. These tests may include an endoscopy, where a long, flexible tube is inserted down the throat to examine the esophagus, or a barium swallow, where the patient swallows a liquid that coats the inside of the digestive tract to make it visible on an X-ray.

Treatment

Treatment for reflux esophagitis usually involves lifestyle changes and medications. Lifestyle changes may include avoiding foods and drinks that trigger heartburn, eating smaller meals, not lying down for at least three hours after eating, and losing weight if overweight. Medications may include antacids, H2 blockers, and proton pump inhibitors.

See also

• Gastroesophageal reflux disease
• Heartburn
• Esophagus

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